| Question | Answer |
| atomic number | number of protons in an atom |
| atomic mass | number of protons plus neutrons in an atom |
| mineral | naturally occuring, inorganic solid with an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition |
| silicate | classification of minerals that contain silicon and oxygen; most common group |
| carbonate | classification of minerals that contain carbon and oxygen |
| sulfide | classification of minerals that contain sulfur |
| oxide | classification of minerals that contain oxygen but not silicon or carbon |
| native element | classification of minerals that contain a single element |
| streak | color of a mineral in its powdered form |
| luster | describes how light is reflected from a mineral's surface |
| hardness | measure of a mineral's resistance to being scratched |
| cleavage | tendency of a mineral to break along a flat, even surface |
| fracture | tendency of a mineral to break unevenly |
| nickname for pyrite | fool's gold |
| Mohs' scale | scale of ten minerals, ranked in order from softest (1) to hardest (10) |
| talc | sofest mineral on Mohs' scale (1) |
| diamond | hardest mineral on Mohs' scale (10) |
| quartz | this is the mineral found in sand which can be used to make glass |
| sulfur | yellow mineral that smells like rotten eggs |
| halite | this clear, cubic mineral is what we eat on food |
| calcite | this mineral refracts light, is rhombus-shaped, reacts to hydrochloric acid, and glows in UV light |
| fluorite | this mineral gets its name because it fluoresces (glows) in UV light |
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