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Chem 06 Periodicity
Terms associated with the periodic table and its trends.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, physical/chemical properties repeat at regular intervals | periodic law |
vertical column on periodic table containing elements with similar chemical properties (and # of valence electrons) | group/family |
horizontal row on periodic table containing all elements with the same # of occupied energy levels | period/series |
# of groups on the period table | 18 |
# of periods on the periodic table | 7 |
name of group 1 elements | alkali metals |
name of group 2 elements | alkaline earth metals |
collective name of elements in groups 3-12 on the periodic table | transition metals |
groups 13-16 on the periodic table are named after the ___ | top element |
name of group 17 elements | halogens |
meaning of word 'halogen' | salt producer |
name of group 18 elements | noble gases |
person who made the first periodic table | Mendeleev |
abbreviation for name of element | symbol |
whole # in each periodic table block | atomic number |
decimal (usually) number in each periodic table block | atomic mass |
largest classification of elements (80%) found on 'left' side of the periodic table | metals |
classification of elements on right side of the periodic table | nonmetals |
elements that are almost all solids that have luster (are shiny), are malleable and ductile, and are good conductors | metals |
elements that are either gases or brittle solids that may be dull and poor conductors | nonmetals |
smallest classification of elements located along the zig-zag line on the periodic table | metalloids |
the brittle, dull semi-conducting metalloid element from which computer chips are made is ___ | silicon |
element along the zig-zig line on the periodic table that is not a metalloid is ___ | aluminum |
the element on left side of the periodic table that is NOT a metal is ___ | hydrogen |
only element in representative (group A) elements... groups 1,2,13-18) whose group # does NOT tell its # of valence electrons is ___ | helium |
half the distance between adjacent nuclei in a solid (or between the nuclei of bonded atoms is atomic ___ | radius |
unit for measuring atomic radius, 10^-12, is ___ (abbrev. pm) | picometer |
trend: going down a group, atomic radius ___ | increases |
trend: going across a period, atomic radius ___ | decreases |
the energy required to remove the loosest electron from an atom is ___ energy | ionization |
unit for measuring ionization energy is ___ (abbreviated form only) | kJ/mol |
trend: going down a group, ionization energy ___ | decreases |
trend: going across a period, ionization energy generally ___ | increases |
the energy released when an atom attracts additional electrons is called electron ___ | affinity |
unit for measuring electron affinity is ___ (abbreviated form only) | kJ/mol |
trend: going down a group, electron affinity ___ | decreases |
the (unitless) measure of an atom's attraction for the electrons in a bond with another atom is called ___ | electronegativity |
the range of values for the electronegativity scale is 0 to ___ | 4 |
the symbol of the element with highest electronegativity is ___ | F |
other than the noble gases (0), the symbol of the element with lowest electronegativity is ___ | Cs |
an atom whose number of electrons and protons match is electrically ___ | neutral |
an atom that has attained an overall charge due to losing (or gaining) electrons is now called a(n) ___ | ion |
elements that tend to lose (1-3) electrons during bonding are classified as ___ | metals |
elements that tend to gain (or share) electrons during bonding are classified as ___ | nonmetals |
the color of the symbols of gases on our classroom periodic table is ___ | red |
the color of the symbols of liquids on our classroom periodic table is ___ | blue |