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QuestionAnswer
Atmosphere Blanket of gases surrounding Earth that contains about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and 1 percent other gases such as argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
Biosphere All of Earth's organisms and the environments in which they live.
Geosphere The part of Earth from its surface to its center.
Hydrosphere All the water in Earth's oceans, lakes, seas, rivers, and glaciers plus all the water in the atmosphere,
Dependent Variable Factor in an experiment that can change if the independent variable is changed.
Independent Variable Factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment.
Hypothesis A testable explanation of a situation.
Scientific Law A principle that describes the behavior of a natural phenomenon.
Scientific Theory an explanation based on many observation during repeated experiments; valid only if consistent with observations, can be used to make testable predictions, and is the simplest explanation; can be changed or modified with the discovery of new data.
Cleavage The manner in which a mineral breaks along planes where atomic bonding is weak.
Fracture When a mineral breaks into pieces with arclike, rough, or jagged edges.
Hardness Measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched, which is determined by the arrangement of a mineral's atoms.
Luster The way that mineral reflects light from its surface; two types-metallic and nonmetallic.
Streak Color a mineral leaves when it is rubbed across an unglazed porcelain plate or when it is vroken up and powdered.
Fractional Crystallization Process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma.
Partial Melting Process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperature, changing its composition.
Pegmatite Vein deposits of extremely large-grained minerals that can contain ores ores such as lithium and beryllium.
Compare and contrast mass and weight. Mass is the amount of an object. The unit is the kilogram (kg). your mass will not change if you went to the moon. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. the unit is the newton (N). Your weight would be less on the moon
naturally occurring Not man made
inorganic They are not made from living organisms.
solid It has definite shapes and volumes.
specific chemical composition has a chemical composition unique to that mineral. The majority are made from compounds
definite crystalline structure Crystal is a solid in which the atoms are arranged in repeating patterns. (There are 6 crystal shape.)
Explain what physical properties could be used to tell the difference between Pyrite (Fool’s Gold) and Gold. You can tell the difference by if you scrape a piece of gold and fool's gold on a porcelain plate the streak to the gold would be the gold color and fool's gold would be green.The other one is the hardness gold is softer than fool's gold.
Given the hardness of two different minerals and explain what would happen if they were rubbed together. Talc and Quartz if you rub talc against quartz then the talc would have damages to it, but the quartz wouldn't because quartz is harder than talc.
Extrusive Obsidian
Intrusive Granite
Constants Does not change.
Control Standard for comparison in an experiment.
Created by: kristenflores
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