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PCB 3063
Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sex-linked | the inheritance of characteristics encoded by genes located on the sex chromosomes, which often differ in males and females |
| non-mendelian | general term that refers to any pattern of inheritance in which traits do not segregate in accordance with Mendel’s laws. |
| sex influenced | Autosomal trait expressed as a dominant in one sex and as a recessive in the other (ex: male pattern baldness) |
| sex-limited | Autosomal trait expressed in one sex only (ex: cock feathering) |
| polygenic inheritance | recognizable by their expression as a gradation of small differences (ex: many genes and factors affect your height and skin color) |
| barr bodies | the random inactivation of additional X chromosomes |
| aneuploidy | change in the number of individual chromosomes (+/-) that can occur due to multiple reasons |
| epistasis | term applied when one gene interferes with the expression of another |
| pleiotropy | the effect of a single gene on more than one characteristic. |
| nondisjunction | the chromosome pairs fail to separate in meiosis I |
| palindromic | read the same forward and backward on opposite DNA prime sides |
| karyotype analysis | a match display of chromosomes that is not representative of how they are in the cell |
| holandric | passing from father to son |
| incomplete dominance | a condition when neither allele is dominant over the other; heterozygotes express an intermediate phenotype relative to the parental phenotypes (ex: pink snapdragons) |
| codominance | occur when rather than expressing an intermediate phenotype, the heterozygotes express both phenotypes (ex: AB blood type) |
| penetrance | Percentage of organisms that have a given Genotype that then express the Phenotype |
| expressivity | Degree to which a character is expressed |
| Rh incompatibility | If the mother is Rh- and the baby is Rh+, mother will develop an antigen to the Rh+. If she tries to have a 2nd baby, her white blood cells will attack the babies (Rh+) red blood cells and lyse them. If mother is Rh+ and baby is Rh- then nothing happens. |
| mutually exclusive | one event will prevent another event from happening |
| Autosomal | not sex linked |
Created by:
JacobGant
Popular Genetics sets