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Ch 2 Weather Factors
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are electromagnetic waves? | A form of energy that can travel through space |
In what form does most of the energy from the sun reach earth in? | In the form of visible light and infrared radiation, and a small amount of ultraviolet radiation. |
What is infrared radiation? | Infrared radiation is a form of energy with wavelengths that are longer than red light. |
What is ultraviolet radiation? | Ultraviolet radiation have wavelengths that are shorter than violet light. |
What happens when Earth's surface is heated? | It radiates some of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. |
What is the greenhouse effect? | Gasses form a "blanket" around earth that holds in heat from the atmosphere. |
What is thermal energy? | The total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance is called thermal energy. |
What is temperature? | Temperature is the average amount of energy of motion in each molecule in a substance. |
What is heat? | The energy transferred from hotter objects to cooler objects is referred to as heat. |
Heat is transferred in what three ways? | Radiation, conduction and convection. |
What is conduction? | The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another that is touching it is called conduction. |
What is convection? | The transfer of heat by the movement of fluid. |
What is an anemometer | An anemometer has three or four cups mounted at the ends of spokes that spin on an axle. |
What is the wind-chill factor? | The increased cooling the wind can cause is the wind-chill factor. |
What are local winds? | Local winds are winds that blow over a short distance of land. |
What is sea breeze? | Cool air blows in from the ocean and moves underneath warm air. |
What is land breeze? | The flow over air to a body of water from land. |
What is a monsoon? | Sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons. |
What are global winds? | Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances. |
What is the Coriolis effect? | The way the Earth's rotation makes winds curve. |
What is Latitude? | Latitude is the distance from the equator measured in degrees. |
What is relative humidity? | The percentage of water vapor in the air is relative humidity. |
What is dew point? | The temperature at which condensation begins. |
What are cumulus clouds? | Clouds that look like fluffy piles of cotton. |
What are stratus clouds? | Clouds that form in flat layers. |
What are cirrus clouds? | Wispy, feathery clouds. |
What is precipitation? | Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches earths surface. |
What is drought? | Long periods of unusually low precipitation. |