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CPP Introduction

TermDefinition
Coding is the process of translating a computer solution into a language a computer can understand
High-level languages allow programmers to use English-like instructions
Compilers translate high-level instructions into 0s and 1s (machine language)
Interpreters translate the program line by line as the program is running
Linkers add in additional code to make the program self-executable
procedure-oriented program the programmer concentrates on the major tasks that the application needs to perform Examples: COBOL, BASIC, C
object-oriented program creates objects with behaviors and values to accomplish its goal Examples: C++, Java, C#
Event-driven program utilizes user, system, and component events to accomplish goals Visual C#, Visual C++, Visual Basic Window.close, mouse.click, system.err
Syntax errors errors in typing, punctuation, or structure of commands
semantic errors outside the programmer’s control and occur at run time (file not found).
Logic errors incorrectly written instructions Example: Multiplying a number by 2 Get input number. Compute calculated answer as inputNumber times 4. Print calculatedAnswer.
sequence structure directs the computer to process the program instructions, one after another, in the order in which they are listed in the program
algorithm set of instructions that will transform the problem’s input into its output and is a finite number of step-by-step instructions that accomplish a task Example: steps to pump gas at a self-service pump
Pseudocode tool programmers use to help plan an algorithm
Formula mathematical relationship between numbers 10 apples is the same as 5 apples+5 apples (10=5+5) If there are 3 feet per meter, then 9 feet = 3 meters (9 feet/3 feet per meter = 3 meters)
Systems development The process of creating and maintaining information systems.
life cycle The sequence of events that characterize the steps of development of things.
SDLC Software Development Life Cycle.
Flowline An arrow that indicates the flow of logic through the flowchart.
Terminal symbol A start/stop symbol, is used at each end of a flowchart, it's shape is a lozenge.
Input Data that is entered into the computer system via an input or storage device.
Process A systematic sequence of actions that combines resources to produce an output.
Output Data that has been processed into a useful format.
Repetition A name, key word, or phrase is repeated several times.
Machine language A system of instructions & data executed directly by a computer's CPU.
Assembly language A programming language that uses letters and numbers to represent machine language instructions.
High level language A programming language like Python that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write.
Logic An implied comparison resulting when one thing is directly called another. To be logically acceptable, support must be appropriate to the claim, believable and consistent.
Flowchart A diagram that shows step-by-step progression through a procedure or system especially using connecting lines and a set of conventional symbols.
Control structures Logical structures that control the order in which instructions are carried out.
Iteration Repetition.
IPO chart Program development tool that delineates input, processing, and output tasks.
Desk checking A testing technique in which the program code is sequentially executed manually by the reviewer.
Valid data Data that an algorithm is expecting the user to enter.
Invalid data Data that an application is not expecting the user to enter.
Test data Input to test the program.
Comment A note that you can add to a document.
Function A prewritten formula that makes it easy to perform common calculations.
Std Scope.
Namespace Database of Internet IP addresses and their associated names.
Compiler directive Commands for the compiler, which are needed to effectively compile the program.#include <iostream>
Include A directive that causes the contents of the iostream file to be sent along with the contents of your file to the compiler.
Created by: Madeline_Stewart
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