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A&P1-10 Cardio Hrt/V

Ch 10: Cardiovascular System - Heart & Vessels

TermDefinition
Afterload The pressure in the pulmonary trunk and aorta during diastole
Anastomoses Circulatory routes that involve vessels merging together
Angiogenesis New blood vessel growth
Arrhythmia Abnormal heart rhythm
Atherosclerosis Buildup of fatty deposits within arterial walls, which causes the walls to roughen and project to the lumen (open space) within the vessel
Baroreceptors Sensors located in the aorta and carotid arteries that detect changes in blood pressure
Cardiac cycle One complete contraction and relaxation of the heart
Cardiac output The amount of blood ejected by each ventricle of the heart each minute (CO = HR [heart rate or beats per min] x SV [stroke volume]; CO written as __ mL/min)
Chronotropic factor Anything that changes the heart rate (of the autonomic nervous system)
Diastole Relaxation of a heart chamber, usually refers to the action of the ventricles
Intercalated disks Specialized junctions between cardiac muscle cells that enable the fast transmission of electrical impulses form one cell to another
Ischemia The lack of blood flow
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) The average pressure arteries must be able to withstand (MAP = diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure)
Portal route A circulatory route that contains 2 capillary beds before blood is returned to the heart (heart → arteries → capillaries → intervening vessels → capillaries → veins → heart)
Preload The amount of tension in the myocardium of the ventricular walls
Pulse pressure The surge of pressure that small arteries must withstand with each ventricular contraction (pulse pressure = systolic pressure - diastolic pressure)
Stroke volume The amount of blood ejected from each ventricle per beat
Systole Contraction of a heart chamber, usually refers to the action of the ventricles
Tunics 3 layers of a vessel wall (arteries & veins)
Venous return The process of returning blood to the heart through veins
Created by: teribere
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