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Chem U6 Vocab
Vocab Unit 6 lists 6.1 and 6.2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solution | A homogenous mixture of two substances. |
Solute | The dissolved substance, minority of the solution (usually solid). |
Solvent | The substance dissolving the solute, majority of the solution (usually liquid). |
Homogeneous | Uniform mixture of solute and solvent. |
Heterogeneous | Non-uniform mixture of solute and solvent. |
Saturated | Solvent is unable to dissolve any more solute. |
Unsaturated | Solvent is still able to dissolve more solute. |
Supersaturated | Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution would at the same temp. |
Polar Solvent | Can dissolve polar solutes. |
Nonpolar Solvent | Can dissolve nonpolar solutes. |
Hydration Spheres | Anions and cations are separated and surrounded by polar water molecules. |
Solubility | Describes how much/maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved. |
Temperature | Direct relationship for solids, inverse relationship for gases. |
Pressure | Relates to gases, solubility increases, gas is ‘pushed’ into the liquid. |
Surface Area | Relates to solids, increases solubility by mixing, stirring, |
Concentration | The amount of a given substance contained within a solution. |
Grams / Liter | Represents the mass of solute divided by the volume of the solution. |
Molarity | Indicates the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. |
Percent composition | The ratio of one part solute to one hundred parts solution |
Parts per million | Indicates the number of molecules of solute for every million molecules of solution. |