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Chem U2 Vocab

Chemistry Bonding Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Chemical Bond An electrical force linking atoms together. Many different types. ALL involve electrons!
Covalent Bond Bond that results from the sharing of electron pairs between two (or more) NONMETALS.
Polarity Describes how equally bonding electrons are shared between atoms.
Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen Bonding#Weak attraction between partial (δ+ and δ-) charges in water (and related) molecules.
Molecule Simplest structural unit of an element or compound. Can be one atom, or more than one atom.
Diatomic Molecule made of two atoms. Di-two atomic-atoms. Oxygen, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Fluorine, and Chlorine are diatomic molecules.
Monatomic Molecule made up of only one atom. Noble gasses are key examples of monatomic molecules.
Octet Rule Atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons in order to achieve a full valence shell.
Ionic Bond Bond that results from electrical attraction between cations and anions. Held together by electrostatic attraction.
Single Covalent Bond Bond where nonmetals share a pair (2) of electrons.
Double Covalent Bond Bond where nonmetals share two pairs (4) of electrons.
Triple Covalent Bond Bond where nonmetals share three pairs (6) of electrons.
Nonpolar Covalent Bond Bond where electrons are shared equally by bonded atoms.
Polar Covalent Bond Bond where electrons are shared unequally by bonded atoms.
Electrostatic Attraction Force between atoms of opposite charges, holds atoms together in ionic bonds.
0.0 – 0.5 Electronegativity difference in a nonpolar covalent bond.
0.5-1.5 Electronegativity difference in a polar covalent bond.
> 1.5 Electronegativity difference in an ionic bond.
Polyatomic Ions Ions made of more than one atom.
Metallic Bonding Bond resulting from the attraction of metal atoms and the sea of electrons.
Crystal Lattice The unique repeating pattern in the arrangement of atoms in an ionic compound.
Delocalized Electrons Electrons that are not associated with a single atom or one covalent bond.
Salt Ionic compound, produced by electron transfer of nonmetal and metal atom.
Dissociate Ionic compounds dissociate (separate) when dissolved in water.
Electrolyte Solution of ionic compound which conducts electricity.
Intermolecular Force Holds different molecules together. Fights against molecular motion holding molecules in place. Present in solids and liquids, nearly absent in gasses.
Molecular Motion Temperature-dependent movement of molecules. Fights against intermolecular forces.
Created by: david.chavez
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