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Genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
The shape of a wound up DNA | Double-Helix |
Four different molecules in DNA | Guanine(G), Adenine(A), Thymine(T), Cytosine(C) |
Phosphate | What makes up the pillars of the double-helix |
What molecules pair with each other | A & T, G & C |
How many base pairs (ex. T & A)make up the human body? | 3 billion |
Transcription | strands split up and transcribe a complementary MRNA |
RNA | ribonucleic acid, instead of Thymine it has Uracil |
TRNA | the 'trucks' for amino acids, amino acids are attached to TRNA molecules. TRNA has RNA codes. The TRNA attach to the RNA strand because they match |
Amino acids | building blocks of protein, protein = chain of amino acids, 20 different amino acids |
How many bases are needed to code for an amino acid | 3 bases |
Codon | 3 bases |
Funny Rule | all proteins are genes, not all genes are proteins |
gene | a string of base pairs that codes a particular protein or serves a certain function |
Allele | specific variant of gene |