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ch. 8
Carbon Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| diamond | a form of the element carbon in which the atoms are arranged in a crystal structure |
| fullerene | a form of carbon that consists of atoms arranged in the shape of a hallow sphere |
| graphite | A form of the element carbon in which each atom is bonded tightly in flat layers |
| nanotube | a form of carbon that consists of atoms in the form of a long hollow cylinder |
| organic compound | compounds that contain carbon. |
| hydrocarbon | compound that only contain carbon and hydrogen |
| structural formula | description of a molecule that shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms. |
| isomer | same chemical formula but different structural form. |
| saturated hydrocarbons | numerous hydrogen atoms on chain of carbon in which all the bonds are single bonds. |
| unsaturated hydrocarbons | hydrocarbon in which one or more the bonds between carbon atoms is a double or triple bond |
| substituted hydocarbon | hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by other atoms. |
| hydroxyl group | OH group found in alcohols made of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom |
| alcohol | a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more hydroxyl groups. |
| organic acid | a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more carboxyl groups |
| carboxyl groups | a- COOH group,found in organic acids |
| ester | a compound made by chemically combining an alcohol and an organic acid. |
| polymer | large molecule made from a chain of many smaller molecules bonded together. |
| monomers | smaller molecule that makes up the link of a polymer chain |
| protein | organic compund that is a polymer of amino acids |
| amino acid | monomer that is building block of protein |
| plastics | synthetic polymers that can be molded or shaped. |
| composite | combines two or more substances in a new material with different properties |
| carbohydrate | an energy rich organic compound made from carbon hydrogen and oxygen. |
| glucose | important sugar in body |
| complex carbohydrate | polymer made of smaller molecules of simple carbohydrates |
| starch | complex carbohydrate in which plants store energy |
| cellulose | complex carbohydrate found in plant structures |
| lipids | energy rich compounds made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen which include fats, oils, waxes, and cholesterol |
| fatty acids | Organic compound that is a monomer of fat or oil |
| cholesterol | waxy substance found in all animal cells |
| nucelic acids | very large organic molecules made of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, examples are DNA and RNA |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| nucleotides | building blocks of nucleic acids |
Created by:
christinacollins