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Purple Module
Reverse Definitions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
epilepsy | a disorder characterized by seizures |
coma | abnormal deep unconsciousness |
microcephaly | abnormally small head |
anorexia nervosa | all consuming desire to be thin |
bulimia nervosa | binging and purging illness |
concussion | brain injury causing transient loss of consciousness |
ventricles | cavity of an organ |
trephination | circular opening make in the skull to relieve intracranial pressure |
automatic nervous system (SNS) | conveys impulses to glands, smooth muscles and cardiac muscles(involuntary functions)-part of the PNS |
hypnotics | depress CNC functions to induce sleep |
multiple sclerosis | disease of the myelin sheath |
myelopathy | disease of the spinal cord |
cerebrum | largest and uppermost portion of brain, major functions incl sensory perception, interpretation, muscular movement & emotional aspects of behavior and memory |
agnoisa | inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory & other senses |
catatonic | inability to move or talk |
aphasia | inability to speak |
craniotomy | incision into the skull |
peripheral nervous system (PNS) | includes all nervous tissue of the body found outside the central nervous system (CNS) |
encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
pia mater | inner most membrane of the brain and spinal cord |
tremor | involuntary tremble or shake |
tic | involuntary spasmodic muscular contraction |
ataxia | lack of muscle coordination |
lethargy | lack f response; sluggish |
psychosis | major emotional disorder |
nerve conduction velocity (NVC) | measures the speed impulses travel through a nerve |
arachnoid membrane | middle layer covering the brain and spinal cord (resembles spider webs) |
efferent | moves away from central structure |
afferent | moves toward central structure |
central nervous system (CNS) | network of nervous tissue found in brain and spinal cord |
neurosis | nonpsychotic mental illness |
idiopathic | occurring without a known cause |
dura mater | outer most covering of the brain and spinal cord (pachymeninges) |
cisternal puncture | spinal puncture at the base of the brain to extract spinal fluid or inject medication |
myelalgia | pain in the spinal cord |
herpes zoster | painful acute infectious disease aka singles |
dystrophy | poor development |
aura | premonitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental illness (seizures) |
anesthetic | produce loss of sensation |
anxiety | psychological worry disorder |
electroencephalography (EEG) | records electrical activity of the brain |
cerebellum | occupies back of brain refines muscular movement and aids in maintaining equilibrium |
analgesics | relieve pain |
convulsion | sudden violent contraction of the muscles |
neuron | the functional cell of nervous system |
meninges | three membranes that cover and protect brain and spinal cord (dura mater, arachnoid , pia mater) |
neurotransmitters | transmit impulses across synapses |
asthenia | weakness or debility |
myelin sheath | white fat like sheath (lipoid) |
dendrites | branching cytoplasmic projections that receive impulses and transmit them to cell body |
dysrhythmia | abnormal rhythm (in brain or heart) |
ganglion | a collection of nerve bodies |
ganglionectomy | excision of ganglion |
hyperkinesia | excessive movement |
mixed nerves | nerves composed of both sensory and motor nerves (found in PNS) |
opiates | stupor or sleep inducing (narcotic) drug containing opium |
parasympathetic nervous system | part of autonomic systems, reverses effects of sympathetic nervous system on the body |
sympathetic nervous system | part of the autonomic system, causes symptoms such as accelerated heart and increased blood pressure, fight or flight reaction |
spinal cord | conveys sensory impulses to the brain from different parts of the body-transmits motor neurons away from brain to all muscles and organs |
synapses | small space found between axon and one neuron and the dendrite of another |
Tay-Sachs disease | genetic enzyme deficiency, progressive mental changes, paralysis, blindness, inability to each and ultimately death by age of four |
tranquilizers | medications used to reduce tension and anxiety with our decreasing level of consciousness |
somatic nervous systems | one of two part of the peripheral nervous system which conveys impulses for voluntary fucntions |
axon | a long single projection that transmits impulses from the cell body |
brain stem | major section of the brain that serves as a pathway for impulse conduction between brain and spinal cord |
brain stem consists of | midbrain, medulla and pons |
pons | connects the midbrain and medulla (bridge) |
four structures of the brain | cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, brain stem |
three major structures of neurons | cell body (nucleus), axons (thread like), dendrites (branch like) |
Insula | the fifth lobe of cerebrum that is only visible with dissection |
four major types of neurolgia | astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependyma |
neurolgia | nerve glue ong neurons |
Hypothalamus | regulates the activities of ANS and controls the endocrine functions and pituitary gland |
thalamus | receives all sensory stimuli except Olfactory (smell) and transmits to cerebral cortex |