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Energy Unit
Term | Definition |
---|---|
energy | the ability to do work or cause change |
kinetic energy | the energy an object has due to its motion |
potential energy | stored energy that results from position or shape of an object |
gravitational potential enery | potential energy related to an object's height |
elastic potential energy | potential energy associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed |
mechanical energy | the form of energy related to the position and motion of an object |
thermal energy | total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
electrical energy | the energy of electric charges |
chemical energy | potential energy stored in the chemical bonds that hold compounds together |
electromagnetic energy | energy that travels in waves and has both electrical and magnetic properties |
nuclear energy | energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
energy transformation | a change from one form of energy to another |
law of conservation of energy | states that when one form of energy is changed into another, no energy is destroyed in the process |
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
temperature | the measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles of matter |
absolute zero | the temperature at which no more energy can be removed |
heat | thermal energy that is transferred from matter at a higher temperate to matter at a lower temperature |
specific heat | the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of material by 1 degree kelvin |
conduction | heat transfer between particles of matter that are touching |
convection | heat transfer by movements of currents within a fluid |
convection current | the flow that transfers heat within a fluid |
radiation | the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
thermal expansion | the expanding of matter when it is heated |