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Thermo
Thermodynamics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heat | The total thermal energy an object has. *Depends upon the mass of the object and the speed of the object's molecules(temp) Unit: Joules! |
| Temperature | The average thermal energy an object has. *Depends only upon how fast an object's molecules are moving. Unit: Degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin |
| Specific Heat | The amount of energy required to change the temperature of a given mass of an object. Equation - Q=mC∆T Q - Heat (joules) m - mass (depends on C) C - specific heat (Units J/g*K, J/kg*K, J/g*C, J/kg*C) ∆T - Change in temp (depends on C) |
| Joules | A measurement of energy. J |
| Heat of Fusion | The amount of energy to take a substance from liquid-->solid or from solid-->liquid. Q=mHf Q- heat (in joules) m- mass (in g or kg) Hf- Heat of Fusion (In J/g or J/kg) *Only with Freezing/Melting Point |
| Heat of Vaporization | The amount of energy to take a substance from liquid-->gas or from gas-->liquid. Q=mHv Q- heat (in joules) m- mass (in g or kg) Hv- Heat of Vaporization(In J/g or J/kg) *Only with Vaporization/Condensation Point |
| Change of State | Any time a substance changes from solid>liquid, liquid>gas, gas>liquid, liquid>gas. |
| Thermal Energy | The total amount of heat or work that an object contains or can apply. |
| Conduction | Transfer of heat through direct contact. *Between solids |
| Convection | Transfer of heat through fluid contact. (Air currents) Between a solid and a fluid. |
| Radiation | Transfer of heat through radiation (light or some other form of energy wave). *Think the Sun. |
| Thermal Equilibrium | When two objects transfer thermal energy between each other at the same rate. *Both objects will be at the same temperature when this occurs. |
| Heat Transfer | When an object transfers its heat from its self to another object that lacks heat. *Heat transfer will always occur by heat leaving a high heat object and going to a low heat object. |
| Freezing Point/Melting Point | The point at which an object will go from a solid to a liquid (Melting point) or from a liquid to a solid (Freezing Point) |
| Condensation/Vaporization Point | The point at which an object will go from a liquid to a gas (Vaporization Point) or from a gas to a liquid (Condensation Point) |
| 1st Law of Thermodynamics | The change in an object's thermal energy is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system. Equation: ∆U = Q -W ∆U - Thermal Energy (In Joules) Q - Heat (In Joules) W - Work (In Joules) |
| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | The entropy, or disorder, of energy will increase as energy moves through a system or from one system to another. Entropy = energy that is lost to the environment that cannot be harness to do work. *Entropy occurs naturally and it takes WORK to end. |
| Entropy | The amount of disorder or lost energy that can no longer be harness to do any valuable work. |
Created by:
becook87
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