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Am.History ch 4
Am History Christ in the Americas ch 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ____and_____were primarily responsible for the evangelization of Mexico | The Franciscans and Our Lady of Guadelupe |
| In Portuguese Brazil ______brought the gospel to the Indians. | The Jesuits |
| The leader of the Jesuits, called the "Apostle of Brazil" was ... | Jose de Anchieta, Jesuit |
| Superior of the Jesuits in Brazil, who started the city of San Paolo (st. Paul) | Padre Nobrega |
| villages set up for Christian Indians in Brazil (with schools,chapels,houses)were called... | aldeias |
| Cannibal tribe where Fathers Anchieta and Nobrega were held hostages | Tamoyos |
| Known as the "father of Brazilian literature" for his extensive writings... | Padre Anchieta |
| Archbishop of Lima, Peru who fought for Indian rights and got servitude eliminated... | St. Turibus, |
| humble Dominican brother, half-negro and half-Spanish, famous for healing and penance | St. Martin de Porres of Peru |
| Died at age 31; famous for praying to save the churches of Lima from the pirate Spillbergen | St. Rose of Lima |
| Missionary to the savage Chaco region, where he converted many and became local hero of folk songs. | St. Francis Solano of Peru |
| Chief missionary to the Negro slaves of the Spanish colonies, esp. at Cartagena in the Carribean sea.Set up a hospital too. | St. Peter Claver |
| colony moved to a mountain plateau in New Mexico, after original settlement was deserted by most colonists who mistreated Indians. | Santa Fe, New Mexico (capital) |
| Meaning of "Santa Fe" | Holy Faith |
| Between 1600 and 1625, 26 Franciscans built _____churches. | 50 |
| Nun who reportedly traveled to the New World and spoke to the natives in their own language about seeking out the priests. | Mary de Agreda |
| Name of the process by which a person can be in two places at one time...through God's power... | Bilocation |
| Missionary who later visited Mary de Agreda, who accurately described NM landscape, Indians, customs, events..etc. | Fr. Benevides |
| Indians led by Chief Pope revolted (and massacred) against injustices in Santa Fe in the year .... | 1680 |
| Arrived in Santa Fe 1692 carrying banner of the Blessed Virgin and wanting to resettle peacefully there. | 200 Spaniards led by Diego Vargas. |
| Accepted the surrender of 23 Indian Pueblos (villages) mercifully. 2000 were baptized. | Diego Vargas |
| Area which originally included Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and a part of Brazil... | Paraguay |
| Spanish king who issued commission to Jesuits to convert the Indians in 1608. | Philip III |
| Communities isolating the Indians from white men, protecting them from bad example and enslavement. self-supported with crafts. | Reductions |
| Led a migration of 12000 Indians in 700 boats down the Parana River for 500 miles to be safe from raiders called Mamelucos. | Fr. Montoya |
| Golden age of the Reductions | 1650 to 1720 |
| Treaty in 1750 between Spain and Portugal that gave territory and missions to Portugal, forcing out the Jesuits and indians. | Treaty of Madrid |
| The Jesuit representing the Order who told the missionaries to leave the reductions along with the Indians. | Luis Lope Altamirano. |
| Utterly hostile to the Jesuits, he expelled them from Portugal and their colonies since he controlled the govt. during the reign of Joseph I. | Marquis de Pombal |
| Year the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal and her colonies. | 1759 |
| Ruling family in Spain that replace the Hapsburgs in 1700. | Bourbons |
| Names of the first 3 Bourbon kings that ruled Spain after the Hapsburgs. | Philip V, Ferdinand VI, and Charles III. |
| The belief that the king should have no checks on his power, and control over the Church. | absolutism |
| The dynasty favoring absolutism... | Bourbons. |
| Efficient, practical king, but without deep religious faith. Regarded New World as a business venture, and disliked the Jesuits. | Charles III of Spain |
| King Charles III expelled the Jesuits from Spain and all possessions in the year... | 1767 |
| what religious order evengelized California in the 1700's? | Franciscans |
| In command of the Lower California expedition, supposed to establish settlements as far up the coast as possible. | Jose de Galvez |
| Lame Franciscan who launched missions up California: San Diego, Monterey, and San Buenaventura (now Ventura) | Fr. Junipero Serra |
| First California colonists arrive in the year... | 1776 |
| California colonists led by... | Juan Baptist de Anza |
| Mission on San Francisco Bay was founded on what day? | October 4, feast of St. Francis, 1776 |
| By the end of 1783, Serra had founded ___missions. | 9 |
| Russia entered the New World under the emperor __________ | Peter the Great |
| the Bering expeditions of _____to _____, and from _____ to ______ discovered the Bering strait and mainland America. | 1725, 1730 1733 - 1741 |
| Russians were primarily interested in land and the ____ _____ | fur trade |
| One of 2 men chosen to be represented in statues at the US capitol from California. | Junipero Serra |
| The Black Legend was fostered primarily by the ____ and the _______ | Dutch and British |
| The Black Legend has 3 themes: 1) Spain killed millions of ________deliberately and cruelly | indians |
| Black Legend theme #2: The remaining Indians left alive by Spain were ____ and ______ | oppressed , enslaved |
| Black Legend theme #3: Spanish _____in the New World was oppressive and unjust. | government |
| Author of "A Brief Relation of the Destruction of the Indies" (which exaggerated the plight of the Indians) | Bartolomeo de las Casas |
| Bartolomeo de las Casas claimed that the Spanish had killed an impossible ______Indians. | 20 million |
| Fewer Indians were actually killed AFTER the Spanish came than before due to the ____ _____ | Tribal wars... deadly fueds between tribes. |
| The main cause of Indian death was ____ | disease for which they had no immunity, esp. smallpox |
| Spanish kings regarded Indians as their _____ | subjectsq |
| English kings regarded the Indians as ____ ____ | enemy nations |
| The Spanish govt. never authorized the Indians to be ____ or ____ as were the Blacks of Africa | bought or sold ...like slaves |
| There was not a serious revolt in _____years, during which time the Spanish governed without professional ______, except on the frontier. | 300 soldiers |
| The Black Legend is actually ______ to blacken the reputation of Spain in the New World. | propaganda |
Created by:
margaretawarren
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