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BartScience2014Final
8th grade second semester final review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happens at a Transform fault boundary? | Two plates slide past each other |
| What event may have caused the largest extinction in Earth's history? | A comet/Asteroid strikes the Earth |
| Relative age is determined for fossils found in rocks using what? | Principle of Superposition |
| What type of lens is curved outward? | Convex |
| The amount of time it takes an object to make one full spin on its axis is called what? | Rotation |
| In an eclipse the area on Earth that lies in the full shadow is called what? | Umbra |
| Which planet has the most rings? | Saturn |
| The Doppler shift indicates that the Universe is expanding because: | Stars and galaxies seen have a "red shift" due to lengthening of the light waves |
| Which layer of the atmosphere does life on Earth exist? | Troposhphere |
| This type of weather is produced by colliding circulating winds that form a low pressure area in a cumulonimbus cloud. | Tornado |
| What does the symbol for a dry line look like? | A dashed line - - - - - - |
| What happens at a convergent plate boundary? | two plates move toward each other |
| What is the first vertebrate to live ENTIRELY on land? | Reptiles |
| To determine radiometric age of a fossil the ration of _____ to _______ is evaluated. | Parent isotope, daughter isotope |
| What type of telescope uses mirrors to bounce light for magnification? | Reflecting |
| Where does most of the light in the Universe originate? | Stars |
| Term to refer to the lighted side of the Moon becoming less visible. | Waning |
| In a Total Solar Eclipse where are the Sun, Earth and Moon positioned? | The New Moon is between the Sun and the Earth. |
| Which planet has the largest volcano and what is it called? | Mars and it is called Olympus Mons |
| Describe the Main sequence as it appears on a HR diagram. | It is the diagonal line of stars that run from the upper left corner of the diagram to the lower right corner |
| What do we call the effect of the wind spinning to the right (clockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left (counterclockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere | Coriolis Effect |
| The air mass that brings in cold, dry air is: | Continental Polar |
| Describe the symbol used for a stationary front. | It has the blue diamonds of a cold front on one side and the red semi-circles of a warm front on opposite sides of the line. |
| What happens at divergent plate boundaries? | two plates move away from each other |
| What do we call the longest subdivision of time? | Eon |
| What life form developed and ruled the Mesozoic Era? | Dinosaurs |
| This type of telescope uses lenses to bend light for magnification. | Refracting |
| What 2 things keep things in a curved orbit around Earth? | Inertia and Gravity |
| Term to refer to the lighted side of the Moon becoming more visible? | Waxing |
| In a Total Lunar Eclipse in what position are the Sun, Earth and Moon? | the Earth is between the Sun and a Full Moon |
| Which planet has a surface with many volcanoes? | Venus |
| Where would Giant and Supergiant stars be located on the HR Diagram? | Upper right corner of the graph |
| What do you call the circulation of hot air rising and cold air sinking in a cycle? | Convection |
| What is the instrument that measure wind speed called? | Anemometer |
| Describe the symbol used for an Occluded front. | Alternating purple semi-circles and diamonds |
| What is a seismograph used for? | To monitor and measure seismic activity, which is necessary to determine the location of Earthquake epicenters |
| The arrival times of which two seismic waves is used to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter? | Primary and Secondary |
| What life forms FIRST appeared in the Cenozoic era? | Humans |
| What group of telescopes uses mirrors or lenses to magnify images? | Optical |
| What is the term for any object that orbits around another larger object in space? | Satellite. |
| What is special about the revolution and rotation period of the Moon? | The revolution and rotation periods are the same |
| Draw a New Moon, 1st Quarter, Full Moon and 3rd quarter. | New Moon -completely dark, Full Moon Completely lighted, 1st quarter right half lighted, 3rd quarter left half lighted |
| What are the 3 laws of planetary motion? | 1. planets' orbits are the shape of an ellipse 2. Planets closer to the Sun travel faster 3.the more distant a planet is from the Sun the slower it's revolution period |
| Where would White Dwarfs be located on a HR diagram? | Lower left corner of the graph |
| Cumulus clouds belong in which cloud layer? | Vertical Development |
| Which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer located? | stratosphere |
| Describe the symbol used to represent a warm front. | a red line with red semi-circles |
| How are the focus and epicenter of an earthquake related? | The epicenter lies directly above the focus on the Earth's surface where the energy is released |
| Describe the secondary seismic wave on a seismogram. | It is the distinctive set of marks that occur right after the recording of the primary wave |
| What major event happened at the end of the Paleozoic era? | a mass extinction of land and sea animals |
| What is the current era that includes the Age of Mammals called? | Cenozoic Era |
| Which of the laws of motion states that for every force there is an equal force acting in the opposite direction? | Law of Action/Reaction |
| What term is used for the first day of Spring or Autumn where the Sun is directly over the equator? | Equinox |
| What it the term for the plane (flat surface) where all the planets are located? | Elliptic |
| What is a meteoroid? | Bits of rock left behind by a comet |
| Cirrus clouds belong in which cloud layer? | Upper |
| What is the term for the measurement of the actual amount of moisture compared to the amount the air can possibly hold at a given temperature | Relative humidity |
| Describe the symbol used to represent a cold front. | a blue line with blue diamonds |
| List the items used a evidence for continental drift. | Fossils of the same plants and animals have been found across many continents, Rock layers and formations line up along coastlines, evidence of glacial activity is now found in areas with warm climates |
| Describe the primary seismic wave on a seismogram. | It is the first set of marks created when the seismic wave reaches the seismograph |
| List the major subdivisions of time in order from largest to smallest. | Eon, Era, Period, Epochs |
| What is the term for the fossil formed when an impression of a dead organism fills with sediment or minerals. | Cast |
| Which law of motion states that an object in motion will stay in motion and an object a t rest will remain at rest? | Law of Inertia |
| What term is used for the first day of Summer & Winter where the Sun is at its greatest distance north or south of the equator? | Solstice |
| What is the Nebula Theory? | Theory of how the Solar System was formed |
| What is the term for bits of rock and ice that orbit the Sun? | Comet |
| What type of precipitation forms from updrafts (Winds) in cumulonimbus clouds and below freezing temperatures in the top of the cloud, | Hail |
| When superheated air expands extremely rapidly what does it create? | Thunder |
| What did Wegener's hypothesis, Continental Drift, stated that: | The continents have slowly drifted to their current positions |
| Describe the recording of a surface wave on a seismogram. | The last set of marks recorded received after an Earthquake occurs. |
| What factors determine how geologic time is broken up? | Major geologic events, types of lifeforms and mass extinctions |
| Which Era is known at the Ages of Invertebrates, Fish & Amphibians? | Paleozoic Era |
| Which Law of Motion states that a force is created by an accelerating mass/ | Law of Force |
| What causes Earth's seasons? | Earth has a tilted axis |
| Describe the angle of tilt for the Northern Hemisphere for each of the four season Summer, Fall, Winter & Spring. | During summer the North is tilted toward the Sun, during Winter it is tilted away from the Sun, for Fall comes between Summer and Winter and the Earth is tilted sideways so that the Sun strikes directly over the equator |
| What is the term for bits of rock material left over from the formation of the solar system? | Asteroid |
| What units can wind speed be measured? | mile/hour, Knots, Km/hour |
| What happens when the ground is completely saturated with water? | Flash Flooding |
| What theory did Alfred Wegener, the German Meteorologist propose? | Proposed a hypothesis for Continental Drift |
| When a tectonic plate is under great pressure, but has not yet reached its elastic limit it will do what? | Bend |
| What event may have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs? | Large Comet/Asteroid strike on the Earth |
| Radiometric dating determines what type of age of fossils? | Absolute age |
| Which of Newton's Laws is the explanation for how a rocket works? | Action/Reaction |
| What do we call the time it takes for an object in space to make one full trip around another larger object? | Revolution |
| Which planet has only one moon? | Earth |
| Which planet has the most moons? | Jupiter |
| What causes the heat of the Earth's surface to warm the air above it? | Conduction |
| What builds up energy as it moves over warm, moist water? | Hurricane |
| What type of weather might occur if the overnight temperature cools to below the dew point temperature? | Fog |
| Which planet rotates on its side? | Uranus |
| Which planet is the hottest | Venus |
| Which planet has the most mass? | Jupiter |
| Which planet has retrograde (backwards) rotation? | Venus |
Created by:
mickeycurran
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