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Protists

all about Protists

question/answerterm/definition
what is a diatom? unicellular organism that lives in both fresh and salt water. they are the base of the food web.
what is the protist kingdom known as? the "junk drawer" because they are so different from each other.
what are some characteristics that protists share? they are all Eukaryotas, and live in moist surroundings.
what are the three categories of protists? animal like, fungus like, and plant like.
what is animal like protists or protozoan? they are heterotrophs, and can move places to place to obtain there food. they are unicellular.
what are the four types of protozoans? pseudopods, cilia, flagella, and sporozoans.
what are sarcodines? move and feed by forming pseudopods, temporary bulges of the cell membrane that fill with cytoplasm.
how do pseudopods form? when the cell membrane pushes out in one spot and cytoplasm flows into the bulge.
what are psudopods used for? 1. to move in response to changes in the environment. example away from light. 2. use them to trap food
what is a contractile vacuole? a structure that collects water and expells it from the cell.
what is a cilia? hair like projection from cells that move with a wave like pattern.
what do they use cilia for? to move, obtain food, and sense the environment.
what type of cells do cilia have? complex cells
how many nuclei does the paramecium have? two, one large nucleus that controls everyday tasks, and one small for reproduction.
how can a paramecium reproduce? asexually by binary fission or conjugation where two join together and exchange genetic material.
what are zoo flagellates? animal like protists to use flagella to move. they have one to eight long whip like flagella to help them move.
where do zoo flagellates live? inside the bodies of other organisms.
what is symbiosis? a close relationship where at least one of the species benefits.
what is mutualism? both partners both benefit for living together. example termites and the zoo flagellates.
what is a sporozoans? are parasites that feed on the cells and body fluids of there hosts.
how do sporozoans move? in a varied of ways, some have flagella, hosts for transport, and some slide on a layer of slime.
do sporozoans have more than one host? yes they have two or more.
what are some characteristics of fungi? sort of like animals because they are herterotrophs and they are also similar to plants because they are autotroph. they use spores to reproduce. unlike fungi, they are able to move at some point of time.
what's a spore? a tiny cell that is able to grow into a different organism.
what are the three types of fungus like protists? water molds, downy mildew, and slime molds.
where do water molds and downy mildew live? water or moist places. can also attack food crops. looks like a fuzzy covering.
where do slime molds live? in moist soil and on decaying plants and trees. often beautiful colored.
how do slime molds move? in an ameba like way by forming pseudopods and oozing along the surface of decaying materials. bacteria and other microorganisms.
Plant like protists are commonly called Algae
what are the characteristics that all algae? they are autotrophs. algae can live anywhere. they range greatly in size. important food source for other organisms in the water. creates most of earths oxygen. have a varied of pigments(color).
what is a pigment? chemicals that produce color.
what are euglenoids? green unicellular algae that is found mostly in fresh water.
Are euglenoids animal like? Yes, they can be herterotrophs. when there is sunlight, then they are autotrophs that produce their own food. when there's no sunlight, they are herterotrophs and take food in from their environment.
what are the six types of algae that live on earth? euglenoid, dinoflagellates, diatoms, green algae, red algae, and brown algae.
what are dinoflagellates? they are unicellular and covered by stiff plates. they come in varied of colors. have two flagella.
how do dinoflagellates move? they move by twirling through the water. also they glow in the dark.
what are diatoms? unicellular protists. beautiful glass like cell walls. they are a food source for herterotrophs in the water.
where do diatoms live? some float on the surface of fresh and salt water and others attach to objects like rocks in shallow water.
how do diatoms move? by oozing chemicals out of slits in their cell walls. then they glide in the slime.
what is green algae? they are unicellular. some form colonies. a few are multicellular. contain green pigments. live in either fresh or salt water. a few live on land by the base of tree's or moist soil.
what is red algae? multicellular. example is seed weed. grow deep into the ocean. the red color adsorbs the small amount of light.
what is brown algae? contains green, yellow, and orange pigments. has many plant like structures. like cool rocky waters in the Atlantic coast. form large underwater forests.
what are the plant like structures of brown algae? hold-fast attach to rocks. stalks support the blades. gas-filled sacs called bladders that allow it float up right.
what is an algal bloom? the rapid growth of a population of algae. death of the whales is a example.
what are red tides? salt water algal blooms. grows rapidly and turns the water red.
what are two algae that often bloom in red tides? dinoflagellates and diatoms.
when do red tides mostly occur? when there's a increase of nutrients in the water. also increase in water temperature.
when are red tides dangorus? when toxins that the algae produced become concentrated in the bodies of organisms that eat the algae.
what is eutrophication? a natural process of change where nutrients build up in a lake or pond causing an increase in the growth of algae.
what is fresh water bloom? a green layer of surface scum in fresh water. it's unicellular green algae.
what are harmful things can happen when there's too much algae in a pond? the layer of algae prevents sunlight for reaching plants beneath the surface. those die and sink to the bottom. bacteria breaks down plants. bacteria increases and uses up the oxygen in the water. other organisms die because there's no oxygen.
Created by: gtali
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