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Intro to Matter

Basic Matter Concepts

QuestionAnswer
Matter anything that has mass and takes up space
physical property of matter can be observed without changing the identity of the matter
chemical property of matter substances ability to change into a new substance that has different properties
examples of physical properties conductivity, state, malleability, ductility, solubility, density, color, shape, volume
examples of chemical properties flammability, reactivity, can only be seen when chemical change is happening
physical change a change of matter from one form to another, but the identity stays the same
chemical change one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties; new matter
examples of physical change freezing, cutting, bending, dissolving, and melting
examples of chemical change burning wood, soured milk, effervescent tablets
signs of chemical changes change in color or odor, production of heat, fizzing and foaming and sound or light being given off
SI unit to measure mass gram (kilo- milli-)
SI unit to measure length meter (kilo- centi- milli-)
SI unit to measure volume liter (milli-)
Mass the measure of the amount of matter in an object
weight a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe
differences between mass and weight 1. mass is constant in the universe 2. weight varies depending on its location in the universe 3. mass is measured using a balance 4. weight is measure using a scale 5. mass is expressed in grams 6. weight is expressed in newtons
volume the amount of space taken up by an object
graduated cylinders measure the volume of liquids
formula for measuring the volume of a regularly shaped solid object volume = length x width x height
formula for measuring the volume of an irregularly shaped solid object by measuring the volume of water the object displaces
measure the volume of an apple? by submerging it into a container of water, and measuring the volume of water the applie displaces
density m/v
solid definite volume and shape; atoms are close together
liquid definite volume, but NO definite shape; atoms slide past each other and move at medium speed
gas NO definite volume and NO definite shape; atoms move very fast and are spread apart
change of state change of a substance from one physical form to another
melting change of state when a solid becomes a liquid (SL)
freezing change of state when a liquid becomes a solid (LS)
evaporation change of state when liquid becomes gas (LG)
condensation change of state when gas becomes a liquid (GL)
sublimation change of state when solid becomes gas (SG)
example of melting energy added
example of freezing energy removed
example of condensation beads of water form on a cool surface
example of sublimation dry ice
temperature of substance as it changes state as substance changes state, its temperature remains constant until the change of state is complete
endothermic energy is gained by substance as it changes state; example melting
exothermic energy is removed from the substance as it changes state; example freezing
element a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substance by physical or chemical means
metal element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well
nonmetal element that conducts heat and electricity poorly
metalloid element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals
compound a pure substance made up of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined
mixture a combination of 2 or more substances that are NOT chemically combined
solution a type of mixture that appears to be a single substance
atom the smallest unit of an element
electron subatomic particle that has a negative charge
proton subatomic particle that has a positive charge; found in the nucleus
neutron subatomic particle that has no charge; found in the nucleus
atomic number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
mass number sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic mass mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units
period horizontal/row of elements
group or family verticle/column of elements
Created by: 100001432347236
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