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CH 21,22,23 Vocab
chapter 21,22,23 vocaulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
agricultural revolution | the change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 8000 bc |
civilization | an advanced culture |
monotheism | the belief in one god |
protectorate | an are that has it s own government but is controlled by outside power |
chaparral | a type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates, small evergreen trees and low bushes or scrub |
poaching | illegal hunting |
mosque | an Islamic place of religious worship |
muezzin | in Islam a crier who calls the faithful to prayer five times each day from a minaret |
minaret | a tall slender tower attached to a mosque |
desalination | the process pf removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation |
nomad | a person who travels place to place |
trade deficit | the situation in which a country imports more than it exports |
trade surplus | the situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
autonomy | independence |
genocide | the systematic killing or intentional destruction of a people |
nationalism | pride in one's nation the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation |
chernozem | a rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid latitude grasslands |
yurt | a round tent made of wooden framework and coverd with felt or skin |
fundamentalism | a set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of sacred text |
desertification | the transformation of arable land into dessert either naturally or through human intervention |
mandate | a commission from the league nation authorizing a nation to govern a territory |
zionist | a member of a movement known as Zionism founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish state |
self determination | the right of a people to decide their own political future |
drip irigation | a process by which precisely controlled amounts of water drip directly onto plants |
potash | a mineral used in explosives and fertilizer |
fertile crescent | a region in the middle east where farming and the first civilization developed |
militia | a citizen army |
anarchy | political disorder and violence lawlessness |
embargo | a sever restriction of trade with other countries |
infrastructure | the basic support facilities of a community or country such as roads and bridges |
Falaj system | in the Arabian peninsula an ancient system of underground and surface canals |
secular | worldly not relating to region |
shah | the title of the former leader of Iran |
ayatollah | a religious leader among Shiite Muslims |