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CRCT Science Review
Astronomy Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is one year? | 1 revolution of Earth around the Sun (365 days) |
| What is one day? | 1 rotation of Earth on its axis (23 hours 56 minutes. Rounded to 24 hours) |
| During the Fall and ________, around March 21 and September 21, there is an equal amount of daylight and darkness. | equinox |
| _______, which occur around June 21 and December 21, are the longest and shortest days of the year. | Solstice |
| Why do objects appear to have moved in the sky at night? | Because Earth is rotating on its axis and revolving around the Sun |
| What has to happen for a Solar Eclipse to occur? | The Moon has to be positioned between the Sun and Earth. |
| What has to happen for a Lunar Eclipse to occur? | Earth has to be positioned between the Sun and the Moon. |
| What causes eclipses to happen? | Shadows from Earth and the Moon. |
| What are the Inner Planets? | Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars |
| What are the Outer Planets? | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| What is the difference between the inner and outer Planets? | The inner planets are mostly solid and denser than the outer planets. The outer planets are made mostly of gases. |
| Approximately how long does it take for the Moon to revolve around Earth? What happens during this time? | It takes about 28 days for the Moon to fully revolve around Earth. It goes through its phases during this time. |
| What is the Big Bang Theory? | Theory stating the universe began as a point of energy and matter that exploded which allowed everything in the universe to form. |
| What are the two reasons why we have seasons? | Earth's tilt on its axis (23.5 degrees) and its revolution around the Sun |
| Because Earth rotates on its axis, we have ______. | seasons |
| What keeps all the objects in the Solar System in place? | Gravity |
| What causes the Moon to go through phases? | Its revolution around Earth. |
| What are the phases of the Moon? | New Moon, Waxing Crescent, 1st Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, 3rd Quarter, Waning Crescent |
| What are the two things that effect the appearance of a shadow? | The position of the light source and the position of the object itself. |
| The _______ ________ separate the inner planets and outer planets. | Asteroid Belt |
| What are the 3 types of galaxies? | Irregular (no definite shape), elliptical (oval shaped), and spiral (frisbee shaped) |
| What is a comet? | A chunk of rock and ice which orbits the sun like a planet. |
| Where do comets come from? | From the Kuiper Belt and or Oort Cloud located beyond our Solar System. |
| How is a comet's tail formed? | Heat from the Sun melts the ice and is released in to space to from the tail. (It is always pointed away from the Sun.) |
| What happens when Earth moves into the debris and particles left by a comet? | It produces meteor showers called "shooting stars". |
| What is meteor? | A meteoroid (rock in space) that enters Earth's atmosphere but burns up because of the friction. |
| What are meteoroids the strike Earth's surface called? | Meteorites |
| What forms when the Moon, the Sun, and Earth align? | Very high tides called spring tides. |
| What forms when the Moon, the Sun, and Earth form a 90 degree angle? | Tides that are lower than normal called neap tides. |
| The _______ _______ program was the one that eventually reached the Moon. | Apollo Space |
| What happens the closer an object move toward a planet or star? | The planet's or star's gravity will have a greater effect on that object. |
| What has to do with a star's brightness? | The magnitude of a star. |
| What is the difference between apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude? | Apparent magnitude is how it appears from Earth and absolute magnitude is how bright the star actually is. |
| Stars that have warmer colors like red and orange are ________ than stars that are white or blue. | cooler |
| What is a light year? | The distance light can travel in one year. |
| What are exploding stars in space called? | Novas and supernovas |
| _________ are star-like object that are brighter than stars and considered to be the most luminous objects in the universe. | Quasars |
| What are pulsars? | Stars that pulsate(appears to be dimming and becoming brighter) |
| What is the electromagnetic spectrum? Examples? | Arrangement of electromagnetic waves. Examples:radio waves,x-rays,etc. |
| What are the two types of telescopes that use visible light? | Reflecting telescopes and refracting telescopes |
| What is the difference reflecting and refracting telescopes? | Reflecting telescopes uses lenses and mirrors to view distant objects and refracting telescopes uses only lenses to view distant objects. |
| What 4 types of telescopes use invisible waves from the electromagnetic spectrum to make images on computer screens of distant objects? | Radio telescopes,x-ray telescopes,infrared telescopes,and Gamma ray telescopes |
| What is a satellite? Examples? | Any natural or man-made object that revolves or obits around another object. Examples:moon (natural), Weather/communication satellites (man-made) |
| What is an asteroid? Where are most asteroids located? | A large meteoroid in space. Most of them are in the Asteroid Belt. |
| Why doesn't weathering and erosion occur on the moon? | It has no atmosphere and is in a vacuum (no atoms or molecules are present) |
| Why is Earth the only planet in the Solar System that can support life? | It has sufficient water, oxygen, and a climate that can support life. |
| What are constellations? | They are pattern of the stars in the sky. |
| Which planet has the most moons? Most rings? | Jupiter has the most moons (60+) and Saturn has the most rings. |
| What is an "AU" Astronomical Unit used for? | It refers to distances in space. |
| The larger an object is in space the more _________ ________ it will have. | gravitational pull |
| The Moon has a gravitational pull about 1/6 that of Earth. So if you weigh 100 lbs. on Earth, about how much would you weigh on the Moon? | No more than 18 pounds. |
| What is a black hole? | A collapsed star whose gravity has grown so great so great even light can't escape its atmosphere |
| What are space probes, space shuttles, and space stations? | Space probes travel to distant areas in space to send back information by electromagnetic waves. Space shuttles takes of like a rocket but lands like an airplane. Space stations allow astronauts to stay and orbit Earth months at a time. |
| What is the geocentric and heliocentric theory? Which is correct? | The geocentric theory states that Earth is the center of the Solar System. The heliocentric theory states that the Sun is the center of the Solar System, which we know to be true today. |
| Where is the Solar System located? | It is toward the outskirt of The Milky Way Galaxy. |
| How can stars be grouped? | In formations called globular cluster or open clusters. |
| What is the part of the Sun we can see from Earth called? | The Photosphere |
| About how long does it take for the light from the Sun to reach Earth? | about 8 minutes |
| Why do the objects we see at night show us the past? | Because we are seeing the light that left the object or reflected off the object millions of years ago. |
| How do stars make their energy? | Nuclear Fusion |
| What is the difference between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission? | Nuclear fusion is the joining of hydrogen atoms together to make helium atoms and nuclear fission is the splitting of atoms from elements. |
| Something that is ________ means that it gives off its own light (Like the Sun or other stars) | luminous |
| Something that is _________ means that it reflects the light from other objects (Like our Moon and the planets in our Solar System) | illuminated |
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