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Ch. 2 Minerals Voc.
Ch. 2 Minerals Vocabulary Worksheet
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Elements | the basic building blocks of minerals |
Atoms | smallest particles of matter |
Protons | found in the nucleus of an atom, has a positive charge |
Neutrons | found in the nucleus of an atom, has a neutral charge |
Electrons | found in the energy levels (shells) of an atom, has a negative charge |
Energy levels | also called shells, surrounds the nucleus, and contains electrons |
Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
isotopes | have the same number of protons but varying numbers of neutrons |
mass number | the number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom |
compound | consists of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined in specfific proportions |
ion | an atom that gains or loses electrons |
ionic bond | forms between positive and negative ions |
covalent bond | forms when atoms share electrons |
metallic bond | forms when metal ions share electrons |
mineral | are naturally occuring, a solid substance, has an orderly crystalline structure, has a definite chemical composition, and generally considered inorganic |
streak | the color of a nimeral in its powdered form |
luster | used to describe how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral |
crystal form | the visible expression of a mineral's internal arrangement of atoms |
hardness | a measure of the resistance of a mineral to being scratched |
cleavage | the tendency of a mineral to cleave, or break, along flat, even surfaces |
fracture | the uneven breakage of a mineral |
density | a property of all matter that is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume |