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Tick-Borne Diseases

QuestionAnswer
Life Cycle of Ticks = ? * 2 year life cycle and Bd Feeding is needed to progress in life cycle stages.... * Eggs-Larva-Nymph-Adults-Eggs
Deer or Blacked legged tick = ? ... Lone Star Tick = ? .... Dog Tick = ? *lxodes ..... * Lone Star Tick ... * Dermacentor
Common Diseases caused by ticks in North America = ? * Lyme -- Relapsing fever -- Rocky Mountain spotted fever -- Human monocytic ehrlichiosis and granulocytic anaplasmosis -- Southern tick associated rash illness (STARI)
Causes Lyme Disease and How it is Spread = ? * From Borrelia burgdorferi..... * We get it from a tick that has fed on an infected mouse or deer
Bor. Burg. Transmission = ? * No transovarial transmission = mother tick can NOT give eggs the disease, they have to get it from a Bd meal
Borrelia Characteristics = ? * Looks like treponema, but Larger.... * Stain with Wrights or Giemsa Stains.... * Lack Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide)
Lyme Disease Vector = ? * Ixodes Ticks
Borrelia infection stages = ? * Resemble Syphilis... * 1)eryth. migrans, flu Sx (Days - Wks)....* 2)Worse Sx (Weeks - Months).... * Persistent Infection (Months - Years)
Top CxSx we see = ? * Rash and Arthritis
Borrelia Pathogenesis = ? * Virulence Factors = outer surface proteins (Osp) to allow attachment to cells.... * Host Osp A LOWERS while Osp C will RISE..... * If tick is removed within the first 24 hrs of it attaching, disease can be prevented
Lab Dx of Borrelia = ? * ELISA, Western Blot, or PCR
How do you treat Borrelia ? * DOC: Doxy... * Avoid tick vectors ... * wear anti-tick spray (DEET)
What causes Relapsing Fever ? * Caused by a variety of Borrelia species
CxSx of Relapsing Fever = ? * Sudden onset of sweats, fever, chills, and headache --> Resolves for days to weeks --> Relapse
Relapsing Fever Differential Dx = ? * Depends on the Hx of travel, residential, occupational, and recreational exposures
Relapsing Fever Dx and TmT = ? * Dx = PCR.... * TMT = Tetracycline or Erythromycin
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) basics = ? * The most lethal and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the United States
State that is a hot bed for RMSF = ? NC
RMSF is Caused by ? * Rickettsia rickettsii = Tiny G - Rods and they depend on the host for ATP
Type of transmission of Rickettsia = ? * Transovarial transmission = female tick can transmit R. rickettsii to her eggs (tick can serve as reservoir)
RMSF Vector = ? * Dermacentor Tick
Pathogenesis of Rickettsia Rickettsii = ? * Systemic Disease..... * Enter phagocytes and mutiply, then use the hosts ACTIN to propulse themselves through the phagosome and cause cell death/injury/necrosis
RMSF CxSx = ? * Difficult Clinical Dx ... * Abrupt Fever, Chills, and unremitting and severe frontal HA... * Hemorrhagic rash (extremities to trunk)
RMSF Dx and TmT = ? * Dx = PCR.... * TmT = Doxy and avoid vectors or use DEET spray
Human Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis basics = ? * Anaplasmosis = destroy granulocytes.... * Ehrlichiosis = destroy monocytes
Human Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis CxSx = ? * Cx similar to RMSF with lower incidence of rash... * see leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
Vector and Disease that causes ANAPLASMOSIS = ? * Caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilia, that we get by being bitten by the black-legged or deer tick (Ixodes)
What we see in Anaplasmosis in stains or imaging ? * Morulae = cluster of intracellular coccobacilli, inside of a Neutrophil
Vector and Disease of Ehrlichiosis ? * Caused by Ehrlichia chafeensis, that we get from being bit by a Lone Star Tick
What an EM shows in Ehrlichiosis ? * Morulae in the WBC
How Morulaes are formed = ? * Disease is endocytosed into a cell where it is not destroyed, but replicates
Lab Dx/Testing and Tmt for Ana. and Ehrl. = ? * Dx = PCR...... * TmT = Doxy and avoid vectors and use DEET
Southern Tick Associated Rash Illness (STARI) basics = ? * A rash similar to the rash of Lyme disease has been described in humans following bites of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum..... * Evidence looks like Borellia, but it isn't
Created by: thamrick800
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