Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bacterial Skin Infct
Bacterial Skin Infections
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Normal Skin Flora = ? | * Colonized by predominantly by aerobic and facultative anaerobic organisms ..... * Almost all are of G+ origin |
| What usually colonizes DRY areas of the skin ?... * WET/MOIST areas ?... Bedridden People = ? | * Dry = G+ Cocci.... * Wet = G- Rods.... * Bedridden = G- Rods...... * Biggest Culprits = Staph. Aureus and Strep. Pyo. |
| Usu cause of Abscess ? Cellulitis ? Bed Sores ? | * Staph Aureus.... * Strep Pyo.... * E.Coli |
| Staph Characteristics = ? | * G + (purple) in clusters and facultative anaerobes.... * Grow in Mannitol Agar |
| Staph Aureus Virulence Factors = ? | * Peptidoglycan thick layer and Teichoic acids that help adhere....* Fibronectin-binding protein - promotes binding to mucosal surfaces.... * Protein A = anti-opsonin effect that helps it bind to other cells |
| Toxins and Enzymes = ? | * Coagulsae, Hemolysin, and Leukocidin + (Kill WBC)..... * + for Lipase Nz, Beta-Lactamase from mecA gene (able to break Beta-Lactam rings) |
| Other Toxins = ? | * Exfoliative toxins = A and B ... * Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin... * Enterotoxins (Most common kind of food poisoning) |
| Exfoliative Toxins Scalded Skin Syndrome has ? Bullous Impetigo ? | * A and B..... * A |
| Staph. Aureus Pathogenesis = ? | * it colonizes the external nares....* Can NOT go through skin unless it is damaged |
| Some Primary Infections caused by Stap. Aureus = ? | * Impetigo -- Scalded skin syndrome -- Toxic shock syndrome -- Folliculitis -- Abscess -- Boils -- Carbuncles -- Cellulitis |
| How to Dx and Treat a Staph. Aureus Infection ? | * aspirate abscess → Gram stain and culture ..... * TmT = IND, treat empirically to cover MRSA |
| Mechanism of resistance to pencillin = ? | * β-lactamase enzyme breaking the beta-lactam ring, rendering the anitbacterial inactive |
| Mechanism of Methicillin Resistance = ? | * MRSA expresses a PBP that is altered and does not allow Methicillin to bind |
| TmT for the 2 types of MRSA = ? | * Hospital Acquired = Vanc or Linezolid..... * Community Acquired = Trimeth-Sulf |
| How MRSA in the community is transmitted ? | * usu from direct contact with someone with MRSA.... * can be from from contaminated items too |
| General Properties of Strep. Pyo. = ? | * G+ Cocci in CHAINS (see little purple dots in chains).... * Sugar Fermenter.... * Catalase - ... * Need Enrichment to grow |
| How we classify Strep. = ? | * Based on Hemolysis Properties on Sheeps Blood .... * Alpha = incomplete hemolysis, and we see a yellow color change... * Beta = complete hemolysis and see clear all around the culture... * Gamma = NO lysis at all |
| What are the Streps. based on there Hemolysis properties = ? | * Strep. Pyo and Agalacitae = BETA .... * Faecalis = GAMMA .... * Pneumoniae = ALPHA |
| Lab Test that Strep Pyo is sensitive to = ? | * Bacitracin Test |
| Group A Streptococci (Strep Pyo.) Basics = ? | * Hyaluronic Acid Capsule... * Fibrils that have M-Proteins for attachment |
| Group A Patho = ? | * Get from ORAL secretions from another infected person.... * It spreads bc its CAPSULE is resistant to phago. |
| Some Diseases caused by Strep. Pyogenes = ? | * Pharyngitis (sore throat) - Scarlet fever - Impetigo ...... * Postinfection Diseases = Rheumatic Fever (following a URI) and Glumerulonephritis (following a skin infection with Group A) |
| Lab Dx = ? | * Cultures to use in Hemolysis and Direct Antigen Tests... * Get a Bd Culture |
| Scarlett Fever and TmT = ? | * Caused by a strain of Group A Strep from its Erythrogenic toxin ... * See the "Strawberry Tongue"..... * TmT = Penicillins (can use them unlike S. Aureus) |
| Impetigo = ? | * From Group A Strep (Pyo.) and is usu the Non-Bullous form... * Can be mixed with Staph. Aureus |
| Erysipelas = ? | * Group A Strep.... * Looks like cellulitis on the face that makes them look like cat eyes |
| Wound infections = ? | * Group A Strep causes more Cellulitis, unlike Staph. Aureus that causes a lot of abscesses |
| Gram-Negative Nonfermenters = ? | * Opportunistic pathogens that do not ferment glucose.... * Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Acinetobacter |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa General characteristics = ? | * G - Rods (pink).... *Motile Flagellar Tail.... * Oxidase +... * Grow at 42 C (warm).... * Produce a FRUITY ODOR when colonizing |
| Pseudomonas Virulence Factors = ? | * Pili = Attachment... * Polysaccharid Capsule with a SLIME layer that makes it hard for ABx to kill them.... * Exotoxin-A |
| Ecthyma gangranosum = ? | * From Pseudomonas... * Looks like a red/black plug on the butt of a little kid (pic in the lecture we had) |
| Diseases caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa = ? | * Infect immunocompromised or those with compromised physical barriers..... * Skin after BURNS, Resp Tract in someone with CF, Conjunctivitis, Otitis Externa (Swimmers Ear), and Folliculitis from Hot Tubs |
| Pseudomonas TmT = ? | * Keep everything clean.... * For serious infections, give an AG + Extended Spec Penicillin by IV |
| Acinetobacter basics = ? | * NonFermenter, Oxidase - (aerobic), nonmotile, Short G - Rods (little pink rods)..... * Are MDRAB (multi-drug resistant AB) |
| Where we see Acinetobacter with a high prevalence ? | * Prevalent among American soldiers wounded in Iraq (grows in warmer/tropical/humid areas) |
| Acne vulgaris = ? | * The MOST COMMON skin infection... * Get HIGH sebum activity that plugs up the follicles, that then get Proprionibacterium Acnes, that causes inflammation and releases pro-inflam mediators. |
| What we usu get from a Cat or Dog Bite, or even a Human bite ? | * Pasteurella Multocida |
| How we get Erythrasma, what causes it, and how is it Dx = ? | * It looks like an solid red rash, and we get it in aresa on the body that are moist (Arm pits and Vaginal)..... * From Corynebacterium... * Dx = Wood’s Lamp (turns coral red) |
| Decubitus Ulcer MoA and what causes it ? | * Starts off as a minor skin infection and then goes deeper and deeper til it is through the fatty layer and even in to the muscle.... * It is from a MIX of Staph, Strep, and even enteric bacteria |
| Purpura Secondary to Vasculitis is what and what causes it ? | * From Neisseria Meningitidis (G - Diplococci) that invade the blood vessels and we get a endogenous skin lesion. (Bd on the inside causes the skin lesion on the outside) |
| Causes Leprosy and how we Dx it ? | * Mycobacterium Leprae... * Dx = Acid Fast Stain (see lots of white, some red and blue) |
Created by:
thamrick800
Popular Medical sets