click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Benefits of Sociological Perspective | Empowers us to be active participants in society, helps us see the opportunities and constraints in our lives, and helps us critically assess "commonsense" ideas. |
| Structural-Functional Approach | framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability |
| Jane Addams | a sociological pioneer whose contribution began in 1889 when she helped found Hull House, a Chicago settlement that provided help to immigrant families. |
| Three broad categories used to rank the level of economic development in different nations | High-income, middle-income, low-income nations. |
| Lois Benjamin | Researcher investigated the effects of racism on talented African American men and women |
| Critical sociology | Sociology views reality where some categories of people dominate others. |
| Steps in the sociological research process | What have others already learned? Are there ethical concerns? How will I share what we have learned? |
| New science of sociology was grounded on three factors | Growth of cities, political change, industrial technology. |
| Cultural changes are set in motion in three ways | Diffusion, discovery, and invention |
| Considered a counterculture in the United States | members of militant religious groups, members of Al-Qaeda, Hippies in the 60s |
| Cultural universals | Funeral rites, family, and jokes |
| Gerard Lenski's major levels of development | agriculture and industry, horticulture and pastoralism, hunting and gathering |
| The level of human development at which individuals first see causal connections in their surroundings is | Concrete operational stage |
| The level of moral development at which people move beyond their society's norms to consider abstract ethical principles is: | Postconventional level |
| This researcher investigated the broader view of socialization throughout the life course | Erik Erikson |
| Harry and Margaret Harlow conducted the rhesus monkey study and concluded that: | isolation caused irreversible behavioral and emotional damage to the monkeys. |
| Elisabeth Kubler-Ross described death as an orderly transition involving five specific stages | negotiation, acceptance, resignation |
| George Herbert Mead's theory of the social self | By taking the role of another, we become self-aware, social experience is the exchange of symbols, to understand intention, you must imagine a situation from the other's point of view. |
| Culture, in the form of ________, represses selfish demands, forcing people to look beyond their own desires | the superego |
| Personality is a person's fairly consistent patterns | thinking, talking, and feeling |
| A grandson, teenager, and Puerto Rican are examples of | Ascribed statuses |
| A high school graduate, car license holder, truck driver, and soccer player are examples of | Achieved statuses |
| A football coach enjoys being friendly with the other workers. At the same time, however, the coach must maintain personal distance to evaluate the players. This is an illustration of | Role Strain |
| Thomas theorem | Situations that are defined as real are real in their consequences. |
| Erving Goffman coined the term ____________,which is a person's efforts to create specific impressions in the minds of others | the presentation of self |
| Importance of gender and performance | use of space, demeanor, smiling, staring, touching. |
| Humor arises as people create and contrast two different realities. The two realities are: | conventional and nonconventional reality |
| The study of the way people make sense of their everyday surroundings is | ethnomethodology |
| All the statuses that a person holds at a given time is | A Status Set |
| A job, a person's name, or having a serious illness, can all be | Master Statuses |
| Functions of humor | to be a safety valve to vent potentially disruptive sentiments, to provide a way to discuss an opinion on a sensitive topic without being serious, to relieve tension in uncomfortable situations. |
| How does culture guide emotions? | What value we attach to emotions, what triggers emotions, how we display emotions. |
| leadership is appropriate for promoting the well-being of members and for raising group moral | Expressive |
| is a focus on rules and regulations to the point of undermining an organization's goals | Bureaucratic ritualism |
| Problems of bureaucracy as presented by Weber | bureaucratic inertia, ritualism and inefficiency, and alienation. |
| Taylor's scientific management | Management provides guidance and incentives to workers,Management observes workers,Managers analyze data to discover ways for efficiency. |