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Highland 6th Space

The Universe and its components

TermDefinition
Galaxy A large group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.
Gravity The natural force of attraction exerted upon objects at or near its surface, tending to draw them toward the center of the body.
Light Year The distance light travels in one year. Used to calculate distances between galaxies.
Steady State Model The model of origin of the universe that says our universe is still the same as it was from the beginning.
Oscillating Theory The model of origin of the universe that says our universe expands and contracts.
Big Bang Theory The model of origin of the universe that says our universe was formed from a big explosion.
Inner Planets The four "rocky planets". Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.
Outer Planets The four "gas giants". Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Dwarf Planet Pluto because it is a rocky planet not a gas giant.
Milky Way The name of our galaxy.
Astronomical Unit The distance from Earth to the Sun, 93 million miles, used to calculate distances between planets.
Moon A natural satellite that revolves around a planet. Does not produce its own light.
Planet Any celestial body that doesn't produce its own light and revolves around a star.
Asteroid A celestial body made of frozen rock and gas that orbits the Sun between Jupiter and Mars.
Comet A celestial body made of frozen rock and gas that revolves in an orbit around the Sun. It has a nucleus and a hazy tail which is made of evaporated gases heated by the Sun.
Meteor A meteorite that burns up in Earth's atmosphere.
Meteorite A meteoroid that strikes Earth's surface.
Chromosphere One of the middle layers of the Sun's atmosphere.
Corona The top, largest layer of the Sun's atmosphere.
Photosphere The lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere; it gives off light.
Sunspot An area on the Sun's surface that is cooler and less bright than surrounding areas.
Axis Imaginary center line around which Earth spins.
Ellipse Elongated, closed curvy shape that is the orbit of the Earth around the Sun.
Equinox Twice yearly time (spring and fall) when the Sun is directly over the equator and the number of daylight and nighttime hours are the same.
Revolution The motion of a celestial body around another celestial body.
Rotation The spinning of a celestial body on its axis.
Solstice The twice-yearly point at which the Sun reaches its greates distance north or south of the equator.
Sphere A round, three dimensional object whose surface is the same distance from its center at all points.
Lunar Eclipse Occurs ehw Earth passes directly between the Sun and the Moon, and Earth's shadow falls on the moon.
Solar Eclipse Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of the Earth.
Maria The dark-colored, flat region of the Moon.
Moon Phase Change in appearance of the Moon as viewed from the Earth, due to the relative positions of the Moon, Earth, and Sun.
Waxing phase Describes phases of the Moon as more of the reflected light becomes visible.
Waning phase Describes phases of the Moon that occur when less of the reflected light is visible from Earth.
Created by: nanatique1
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