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Ch. 4 Key Terms WH

vocabulary

TermDefinition
Colony a land controlled by a distant nation
Conquistador the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas in the 16th century.
Mestizo a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry
Encomienda a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it.
New France the French colonial empire in North America
Jamestown the first permanent English settlement in North America
Pilgrims a group of people who, in 1620, founded the colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts to escape religious persecution in England
Puritans a group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s
New Netherland The Dutch land holdings in North America
Atlantic slave trade the buying, transporting, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas
Triangular trade the transatlantic trading network along which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America
Middle passage the voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies, and later to North and South America, to be sold as slaves-so called because it was considered the middle leg of the triangular trade
Columbian Exchange the global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occured during the European colonization of the Americas
Capitalism an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order t omake a profit
Joint-stock company a business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, then share the profits
Mercantilism an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought.
Favorable balance of trade an economic situation in which a country sells more goods abroad than it buys from abroad
Created by: rwilliams0054
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