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3rd 9 wks Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define contour lines. | Lines that connect points of equal elevation |
| Define contour interval. | The change in elevation between to side-by-side contour lines |
| How do contour lines describe elevation? | Closer together = steeper Farther apart = flat |
| When contour lines run over streams they make what kind of shape or letter? | V |
| How do contour lines tell what direction a stream is flowing? | V points upstream, water coming out of the mouth |
| Define the Coastal Plain province in VA. | A flat area that is underlain by young, unconsolidated (loose) sediment and at one time was covered by ocean |
| What land feature is common in the Coastal plain province? | wetlands |
| Define Piedmont province | An area of rolling hills underlain by mostly ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks. |
| Define Blue Ridge province. | A high ridge separating the Piedmont from the Valley and Ridge Province |
| Define Appalachian Plateau province. | An area with rugged, irregular topography; a series of plateaus separated by faults(Where Virginia's coal is found) |
| What type of topography is found in the Appalachian Plateau province of VA? | Karst topography - caves and sinkholes |
| What type of rock causes karst topography? | Limestone dissolved by carbonic acid |
| Advantages of solar energy. | Advantages-cheap if done passively, pollution free, can be stored on batteries Dis - expensive if done actively, batteries must be disposed of, not useful everywhere |
| Define fossil fuels and give examples. | Fossil fuels form from the remains of organisms that were buried and altered after millions of years like coal, oil, natural gas |
| How does velocity or speed of the agent of erosion affect erosion? | The higher the velocity (faster) the agent of erosion the larger material the agent of erosion can carry |
| Define rock cycle. | shows how rocks slowly change through time from one type of rock to another |
| How does flowing water in a river afect the shape of a rock? | Makes them smoother and rounder |
| What do hachure marks look like? | small marks on the inside of a circle |
| What do hachure marks indicate? | depression or crater |
| Describe the A Horizon of a soil profile. | A - dark, fertile soil, humus, organic material, litter, zone of leaching |
| Describe the B Horizon of a soil profile. | B - subsoil, lighter in color, zone of accumulation |
| Describe the C Horizon of a soil profile. | C - coarsely weathered rock |
| Describe the R Horizon of a soil profile. | R - Bedrock, parent rock, solid rock |
| Define chemical weathering | When chemical reactions dissolve the minerals in rocks or change them into different minerals -changes chemical composition |
| Define mechanical weathering | Occurs when rocks are broken apart by physical processes -chemical makeup does not change |
| Define nonrenewable resources. | Resources that can be used up and not replaced within our lifetime |
| Define renewable resources. | Resources that can not be used up and can replenish themselves in our lifetime |
| What characteristics can be used to best identify an unknown rock? | What they are made of: Crystals, grain size or pebble size in |
| Define organic matter. | Decaying material from once living organisms |
| What does "foliated" mean? | rock has layers / bands of color |
| What are the two types of Metamorphic rocks? | Foliated (layered), nonfoliated (no layers) |
| what does nonfoliated mean? | No layers or bands of color |
| What are the two types of Igneous Rock? | Intrusive (forms IN ground), Extrusive (forms above ground, after it EXits Earth) |
| What is EXtrusive Igneous rock? | rock formed outside of the earth’s surface from lava that cools and hardens; has small mineral crystals or fine grained, holes like pumice, or glassy like obsidian |
| What is INtrusive Igneous rock? | formed inside of the earth’s surface from magma that cools and hardens; has large mineral crystals or coarse grained |
| What are the 3 types of Sedimentary Rock? | Clastic, Organic, Chemical |
| Describe a Clastic Sedimentary Rock. | made from broken fragments of other rock |
| Describe a Organic Sedimentary Rock | made from once living organisms |
| Describe a Chemical Sedimentary Rock | formed from minerals that have come out of solution |
| How do metamorphic rocks form? | heat and pressure |
| How do sedimentary rocks form? | Weathering and erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation |
| How do Igneous Rocks form? | Magma or lava that cools and hardens |
| What natural resource is the most economically valuable to VA? In which province is it located? | Coal, Appalachian plateau |
| Why is limestone valuable in VA? | Useful in building/construction Used for aggregate and concrete |
| Longitude lines run which direction and measures what direction? | Run from north to south and measure east and west. They are parallel to the prime meridian that runs through England |
| Latitude lines run which direction and measures what direction? | Runs east to west and measures north and south. Lat-flat |
| What is the latitude of North Pole? | 90˚ N |
| Define deposition? | When agents of erosion lose energy and drop what they are carrying |
| Describe how soil develops. | Starts with solid rock that is weathered and organic material that forms on top. |
| What is a Mercator map and why is it good/bad? | Has straight longitude and latitude lines. Disadvantage is that the poles are distorted. |
| What is a Robinson projection map & why is it good/bad? | Curved longitude lines and straight latitude lines. Advantage because they are more accurate at the poles |
| Which type of rock are fossils mostly likely found? | sedimentary |
| Define erosion. | When weathered material is moved from one place to another |
| What is the most important substance for any weathering? | water |
| What type of rock is slate and what does it look like? | Metamorphic, flat sheets |
| Which horizon of the soil profile is the most likely to experience erosion? | horizon A |
| Which soil horizon is solid rock? | Horizon R |
| What did soil start out as? | solid rock and weathered to its current state |
| What are some disadvantages of Solar Energy. | Dis - expensive if done actively, batteries must be disposed of, not useful everywhere |
Created by:
ebegley
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