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chapter5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alligation | the compounding of two or more products to obtain a desired concentration |
| apothecary system | a weight-based measurement system developed by the Romans |
| Arabic system | a mathematical system using numbers, fractions, and decimals |
| avoirdupois system | a system of measurement that originated in France and is used for common measurements in the United States; units of measure include the foot, mile, grain, pound, and ounce |
| body surface area (BSA) | a measurement related to a patient's weight and height, expressed in meters squared (m2), and used to calculate patient-specific dosages of medications |
| Celsius temperature scale | the temperature scale that uses zero degrees as the temperature at which water freezes at sea level and 100 degrees as the temperature at which it boils |
| decimal | any number that can be written in decimal notation using the integers 0 through 9 and a point (.) to divide the "ones" place from the "tenths" place (e.g., 10.25 is equal to 10 1/4) |
| denominator | the number on the bottom part of a fraction that represents the whole |
| Fahrenheit temperature scale | the temperature scale that uses 32 degrees as the temperature at which water freezes at sea level and 212 degrees as the temperature at which it boils |
| fraction | a portion of a whole that is represented as a ratio |
| grain | a dry weight unit of measurement in the apothecary system (for example, 5 grains [5 gr] of aspirin are equivalent to approximately 325 mg) |
| gram | the metric system's base unit for measuring weight |
| household system | a system of measurement based on the apothecary system; units of measure include the ounce, pound, drop, teaspoon, tablespoon, and cup |
| leading zero | a zero that is placed in the ones place in a number that is less than one and is being represented by a decimal value |
| liter | the metric system's base unit for measuring volume |
| meter | the metric system's base unit for measuring length |
| metric system | a measurement system based on subdivisions and multiples of 10; made up of three basic units: meter, gram, and liter |
| military time | a measure of time based on a 24-hour clock in which midnight is 0000, noon is 1200, and the minute before midnight is 2359; also referred to as 24-hour time international time |
| numerator | the number on the upper part of a fraction that represents the part of the whole |
| percent | the number or ratio per 100 |
| powder volume (pv) | the amount of space occupied by a freeze-dried medication in a sterile vial, used for reconstitution; equal to the difference between the final volume (fv) and the volume of the diluting ingredient, or the diluent volume (dv) |
| proportion | a comparison of equal ratios; the product of the means equals the product of the extremes |
| ratio | a comparison of numeric values |
| Roman system | a mathematical system in which numerals are expressed in either capital letters or lowercase letters |
| specific gravity | the ratio of the weight of a substance compared to an equal volume of water when both have the same temperature |
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