click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
RandalynnSharp
Chapter 8/10 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water. |
Indicatior | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base. |
Base | A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. |
Neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base. |
Salt | n ionic compound formed when an acid reacts with a base. |
pH | Is a measure of its hydronium ion concentrate. |
Buffer | Is a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH. |
Electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it is dissolved in water. |
Radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy. |
Radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus. |
Nuclear radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei or radioisotopes. |
Alpha particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons. |
Beta particle | An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus. |
Gamma ray | A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus. |
Background radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment. |
Strong nuclear force | The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus. |
Fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts. |
Chain reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fusion. |
Critical mass | The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction. |
Fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to forma larger nucleus. |
Plasma | A state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons. |
Solute | A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution. |
Solvent | The substance in which solute dissolves in. |
Dissociation | The process in which an ionic compound seperates into ions as it dissolves. |
Dispersion | Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout the water. |
Ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons. |