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Phases of Matter
Unit 3 - Phases of Matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
kinetic theory | explains how matter behaves -- 3 parts: all matter is composed of small particles, particles are in constant random motion, particles collide with one another and the walls of their container |
intermolecular force | attractive force that acts between particles |
solid | phase of matter in which particles are closely packed; has definite shape and definite volume |
liquid | phase of matter in which particles slide past each other and take the shape of their container; has definite volume but no definite shape |
gas | phase of matter in which particles can spread out to fill their container; has no definite shape and no definite volume |
plasma | most common phase of matter in the universe; phase of matter that consists of positively and negatively charged particles |
boiling point | the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure is equal to the pressure of the gas above it |
melting point | the temperature at which a solid begins to liquify |
evaporation | phase change from liquid to gas |
condensation | phase change from gas to liquid |
sublimation | phase change from solid to gas |
deposition | phase change from gas to solid |
Boyle's Law | states that as pressure is decreased, volume increases if temperature is constant (reverse is also true) |
Charles' Law | states that as temperature increases, volume increases if pressure is constant (reverse is also true) |
pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit of area (measured in pascals) |
thermal energy | total energy of a material's particles (kinetic and potential) |