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Child Development

Child and Adolescent Development

QuestionAnswer
APGAR = ? Done at 1 and 5 minutes of newborn.... Appearane, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration...on a scale to 10..... 3-4 is severe cardiopulmonary depression..... 5-6 indicates mild CNS depression
Some Neonatal Reflexes ? * palmar grasp, tonic neck , stepping, moro, babinski, pupillary
2 childhood development principles ? * Cephalo-caudal......*Proximo-distal
Infancy Learning ? * Learning occurs through direct perception and action on the environment.....Object Permanence- just bc you dont see it, doesnt mean its not there
Infancy Language ? *mothereese- babbling- echolalia- first words.....Walkie/Talkie - speak at 1 year and walk at 2
Infancy Hand Preference ? * Develops between 1 - 3 year old.... if before 1 year, suspect a motor/neuro issue
Toddler ( 18 mos- 3 years) speech ? *18 mos.: climb stairs, run awkwardly, throw ball -Telegraphic speach “Mommy go” ..... * 2 yrs.: run well ..... * 3 yrs.: normal conversation
Toddler Toileting ? *Bladder by 4 yrs......*Bowel by 3 yrs.... Wait for readiness for toilet training, coercion is ineffective
Toddler fears, time outs, and day cares ? * start to develop fears, temper tantrums, and give time outs (minute per year old)..... *Day Cares can be good bc fast sickness, but less occurring over time
Preschool/Kindergarten Child ( Age 3-6) milestones ? * Huge increases in language, cognitive and fine motor skills.... * By 5 yrs follows three-step commands, the question asking ages, Cooperative play beings, sex sterotype play, sports introduced
3 yrs ? *ride tricycle, climb stairs alone, put on shoes
4 yrs ? *throw ball overhand, work fasteners, use table utensils properly
5 yrs ? *skip, hop, complex activities such as swim and skate. Shoe tying
School-Aged Child Age (6-12) basics ? * Piaget’s stage of concrete operations.... * Concept of conversation, Concept of reversibility, At age 6, brain is adult size, same sex relationships get close, comparing to others in activities
Developmental Surveillance ? * uses parental concerns in different areas to see if kid has delays or not and assisting parental behaviors to help if necessary
Developmental Surveillance process ? Elicit/Probe parent concern -Categorize parent concern -Screen -Monitor -Refer -Counsel
*Adolescence Years* - Starts with puberty and ends with adulthood *
Early maturing boy issues ? *Self confident -Independent -Mature in social rel. -Student body president -More athletes -Higher intelligence -Increased sexual activity
Late maturing girl issues ? *More competent -More responsible -Adaptable -Better academically -Later sexual activity
Adolescence and psychiatric illnesses and onset of disorders ? * high incidence of different disorders like depression, schitzo, eating issues, and suicide rates
Adolescence death rates ? *1 = accident, 2 = homicide, 3 = suicide...... boys are 3:1 successful in attempt, and are 1:3 in trying
Adolescence Juvenile Delinquency * high arrest rates under 25 (62%)... almost 505 of people arrested for serious crimes and rape are under 18
Factors in Violence ? * Genetic factors -Psychopathology -Child victims of abuse -Poverty -Drugs
Predicting Violence ? * past violence is # 1 ... psych issues, Hx of violence/abuse, and antisocial behavior as a child
Adolescence and Dr/Pt relationship ? * takes time since they may not want to open up to you.... * Issues of confidentiality with/from parents
Created by: thamrick800
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