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Chapter 1 review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the law of Superposition | Older rock on the bottom Younger rock on the top |
What is the relative age of rocks | The estimated age of rocks compared to other rocks |
What is the absolute age of rocks | The precise age of rocks |
How can you determine a rocks age | Geologists study clues from igneous rocks, faults, and gaps. |
What is an intrusion | When lava hardens beneath the surface |
What is an extrusion | When lava hardens on the surface |
What is a fault | A break in Earth's crust |
What is an index fossil | A wide spread fossil that didn't live long |
How old is Earth | 4.6 billion years |
What is the Earth made of | Rock, ice, and dust |
During what period did the atmosphere, ocean, and continents form | Precambrian time |
What is the atmosphere made up of | Carbon Dioxide, Co2, H2o and other gases |
How long ago did the continents form | about 500 million years after Earth formed |
How long ago did scientists find the oldest living organism | 3.5 billion years ago |
What direct evidence do scientists use | Rock samples, and drill samples |
What is an epicenter | The center of an Earthquake |
What is indirect evidence | Cannot see it, caused by Earthquakes, speed and path measured |
What do Earth's layers differ in | Size,comp., temp., and pressure |
What is the crust | Earth's outermost layer |
What makes up the ocean and continental floor | Basalt and Granite |
What is the mantle | Layer of hot rock under crust |
Where does the lower mantle stretch down to | The solid core |
What is radiation | The transfer of energy through space with no direct contact |
What is conduction | Heat transfer through an object |
What is convection | The transfer of heat through liquids |
What is a convection current | When cooled liquid sinks back into warm liquid |
What is a convection current in Earth | Pressure causes it to flow |