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Erosion & Deposition
Chapt. 9 Sect. 1 & 2- Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Runoff | Water that moves over the Earth's surface |
Rills | Tiny grooves in soil. |
Gully | A large groove or channel in the soil that carries runoff after a rainstorm. |
Stream | A channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope. |
River | A large stream = a river. |
Tributary | A stream or river that flows into a large river. |
Waterfall | Where a river meets an area of hard rock and erodes slowly. |
Flood Plain | Wide area of land along a river. |
Meanders | A loop-like bend in the course of a river. |
Oxbow Lake | A meander that has been cut off from the river. |
Alluvial fans | A wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range. |
Deltas | River flows into an ocean or lake and builds up a landform. |
Groundwater | The term Geologists use for underground water. |
Stalactite | Hangs from a cave. |
Stalagmite | Slow dripping makes a cone shape. |
Karst Topography | A type of landscape. |
Erosion | The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock or soil. |
Gravity | A force that moves rocks and other materials downhill; the force that pulls objects toward each other. |
Mass movement | Any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill. |
Landslides | The most destructive mass movement. It occurs when rock and soil slide quickly down a steep slope. |
Mudflows | A rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock, and soil. They often occur after heavy rains in a normally dry area. They can be very dangerous. |
Slump | A mass of rock and soil suddenly slips down a slope. In this type of mass movement the material moves down in one large mass. |
Creep | The very slow downhill movement of rock and soil. It can even occur on gentle slopes. It often results from the freezing and thawing of water in cracked layers of rock beneath the soil. It is so slow, you barely notice it. |