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Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
static electricity | the accumulation of excess electric charge on an object |
law of conservation of charge | states that charge can be transferred from one object to another but cannot be created or destroyed |
conductor | material, such as copper wire, in which electrons can move easily |
insulator | material in which electrons are not able to move easily |
charging by contact | process of transferring charge between objects by touching or rubbing |
charging by induction | process of rearranging electrons on a neutral object by bringing a charged object close to it |
electric current | the net movement of electric charges a single direction, measured in amperes |
voltage difference | related to the force that causes electric charges to flow; measured in volts |
circuit | closed conducting loop through which an electric current can flow |
resistance | tendency for a material to oppose electron flow and change electrical energy into thermal energy and light; measured in ohms |
Ohm's law | states that the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance |
series circuit | circuit in which electric current has only one path to follow |
parallel circuit | circuit in which electric current has more than one path to follow |
electrical power | rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy; expressed in watts |