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Church-Medieval Euro
Content Questions for Lesson 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Church was... | the center of life in medieval western Europe and a daily presence from birth to death. |
| Town meetings, plays, and concerts... | were held in churches. |
| the "Age of Faith" | Historians sometimes call the the middle ages |
| Christian religion | one of the most important legacies of ancient Rome |
| Initially, Romans persecuted | Christians |
| 395 C.E. | Christianity became the official religion of Rome. |
| Roman Catholic Church | All Christians in western Europe belonged to this church. |
| The Church provided... | leadership and, at times, even organized the distribution of food. |
| By the High Middle Ages the Church created a system in which all clergy members had a rank. | hierarchy. |
| The bishop of Rome or top guy. | the pope |
| During the middle ages the Church acquired... | great economic power by collecting a tithe or tax. |
| The Church came to wield great political power... | They were often the only people that could read and kept the records. |
| Struggle between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV... | Resolved when the pope threatened excommunication. |
| the Sacraments of the Catholic Church | The Church taught that receiving them was an essential part of gaining salvation. |
| Sacrament | a sacred rite of the Christian religion |
| Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Marriage, Holy Orders, Penance, Extreme Unction | Sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Religious faith led many people to perform... | extraordinary acts of devotion |
| pilgrimage | a journey to a holy site |
| Reasons why pilgrims went on journeys | show devotion to God, as an act of penance for sins, or in hopes of being cured of an illness |
| A second type of extraordinary service... | Involved fighting in the Crusades |
| Crusades | a series of military expeditions to the land where Jesus had lived - Christians call Holy Land |
| For what reason was art mostly made? | Religious purposes |
| Why did artists choose paintings and sculpture to express themselves? | Most people could not read |
| Where was most medieval art and architecture placed? | Cathedrals and large churches headed by bishops. |
| In what style was churches built? | Gothic style |
| Stone arches on the outside of churches... | flying buttresses |
| Gargoyles | They were unique features of Gothic cathedrals and carved in the form of mythical beasts. |
| Why were cathedrals a visible expression of Christian devotion? | The were mostly constructed by hand and took on average 50 to 100 years to build. |
| Where did most schooling take place? | monasteries, convents, and cathedrals |
| In medieval times who was the most likely to be educated? | clergy |
| Who went to the church schools? | Mostly, sons of nobles who were studying for careers in the clergy |
| Cathedral schools gave rise to what? | universities |
| What Italian scholar tried to bridge the gap between reason and faith? | Thomas Aquinas |
| How did Aquinas attempt to bridge the gap? | He wrote logical arguments in support of his faith. |
| Natural Law | the concept that there is a universal order built into nature that can guide moral thinking |
| Who came up with natural law? | Thomas Aquinas |
| What was natural law's effect on ancient philosophy and Christian theology? | it helped to unify them |
| Festivals and fairs that marked important days of the year were connected in some way to ...? | the Church |
| What were two of the main medieval holidays? | Christmas and Easter |
| For Christians Christmas celebrates... | the birth of Christ |
| For Christians Easter celebrates ... | the Resurrection of Christ rising from the dead |
| Some men and women solemnly promised to devote their lives to God and the Church. | Monastic Way of Life |
| St. Benedict | The man who developed the monastic way of life in western Europe. |
| Jobs of monks | caring for the poor and sick, teaching, and copying religious texts |
| Religious orders | a brotherhood or sisterhood of monks, nuns, or friars |
| Men who joined religious orders were called... | monks. |
| Women who joined religious orders were called... | nuns. |
| The name of a man who wanted to live a religious life without the seclusion of the monastery... | Friar |
| What was the practice of a friar? | to travel among ordinary people to preach and to care for the poor and sick |
| The Roman Catholic Church played... | a central role in daily life in medieval western Europe. |
| The Church was the center... | of community life and acquired great political and economic power. |
| The Church's sacraments... | marked all the most important occasions of life from birth to death. |
| Many people expressed their faith by going... | on pilgrimages or fighting in the Crusades. |
| The importance of the Church to medieval people was ... | seen in the art and architecture of churches, in education, and in holidays. |
| During the Middle Ages, Saint Benedict developed his... | "Rule" for religious communities of monks and nuns. |
| persecute | to cause a person to suffer because of their beliefs |
| monastery | a community of monks |
| monk | a man who has taken a solemn vow to devote his life to prayer |
| excommounicate | to formally deprive a person of membership in a church |
| sacrament | a solemn rite of Christian Churches |
| pilgrimage | a journey to a holy site |
| relic | a holy object touched by a saint or a holy person |
| convent | a community of nuns... also called a nunnery |
| nun | a woman who has taken a solemn vow to devote her life to prayer and service to the Church |
| rhetoric | the study of persuasive writing and speaking |
| natural law | the concept that there is a universal order built into nature that can guide moral thinking |
| monasticism | a way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world to devote their life to their faith |
| religious order | the brotherhood or sisterhood of monks, nuns, or friars |
| friar | a member of a certain religious order devoted to teaching and works of charity |
| clergy | the body of people, such as priest, who perform the sacred functions of a church |
| Constantine | was instrumental in stopping persecution of Christians. |
| Benedictine Monks | lived in monasteries (communities devoted to prayer and service to fellow Christians) |
| Benedictine Rules | poverty, chastity, and obedience |
| Benedictine Monks spent their time... | prayer, study, and work; attended Church services, cared for poor and sick, taught, and farmed |
| Franciscan Friars | traveled among ordinary people to preach and to care for the poor and sick |
| Franciscan Friar rules | had to live in complete poverty and had to work or beg for food for themselves and the poor |
| Franciscan Friars spent their time... | caring for the poor and sick; traveled; prayed |
| clergy order... | Pope, Cardinals, Archbishops, Bishops, Priests |
| goal of the Crusades | take back Jerusalem from Muslims |
| theology | the study of God and religious truths |
Created by:
randy hogue
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