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Europe

Europe's Physical Features & Climate

QuestionAnswer
glaciation process of glaciers forming and spreading
loess fine, wind-blown soil good for agriculture
chernozem rich, black top soil found in Northern European Plain (Ukraine & Russia)good for agriculture & high crop yields
dike large bank of earth & stone that holds back water from flooding land
polder low-lying area from which sea water has been drained to create new farmland (reclaimed from flooding)
fjord long, steep-sided inlet (glacier valley now filled with sea water) found in Scandinavian countries (Norway,Finland)
permafrost permanently frozen layer of soil beneath the surface of ground
timberline point of elevation (line) above which trees do NOT grow due to extreme cold
Strait of Gibraltar narrow water passage connecting two large bodies of water Atlantic Ocean & Mediterranean Sea
Iberian Peninsula [Southern Peninsula] *consists of Spain & Portugal and separates Atlantic Ocean from Mediterranean Sea *plateau rises up to Pyrenees Mountains cutting off Peninsula from rest of Europe
Italian Peninsula *consists of long, boot-like coastline extending into Mediterranean *Apennines runs along spine up to fertile Po valley
Balkan Peninsula *mountain ranges & valleys in southeastern Europe make travel difficult *surrounded by Aegean & Black Seas, and, Adriatic & Ionian Seas *stretches south from Danube River
Jutland Peninsula *extends from Denmark into North Sea *western coast flat plains w/soil deposited by glaciers *eastern coast has fjords
Scandinavian Peninsula *far northern in Norway, Sweden & Denmark *Ice Age glaciation formed fjords on Atlantic coast *southern coast slopes to Baltic Sea
Name 4 of Europe's Islands Great Britain, Iceland, Sicily, Iceland
Describe the Northern European Plain *Highly populated area due to fertile soil and rich coal deposits so good for farming and manufacturing (started Industrial Revolution) *stretches from England up to Russia
Name 2 of Europe's mountain ranges *Alps (runs from S. France to Balkans, has Mont Blanc highest peak in Alps) *Pyrenees (divides Iberian Peninsula from rest of Europe)
Name 3 European rivers Rhine, Danube, Seine (are important for trading, transportation and create interdependence between European countries)
Name 3 areas of Europe impacted by air and water pollution *Black Forest (air pollution) *Venice, Italy (water pollution) *Rhine, Danube, Seine Rivers (water pollution)
Name 3 functions of Europe's mountain ranges *tourism *recreation *mineral resources
Describe climate of Northern Europe Subarctic/Tundra - bitter cold winters & cool short summers
Describe climate of Eastern Europe Humid Continental - cold winters & hot summers
Describe climate of Western Europe Marine West Coast - mild winters & cool summers
Describe climate of Southern Europe Mediterranean - hot dry summers & mild rainy winters
Describe the North Atlantic Drift/Current Ocean current that carries warm maritime (sea) winds to western/southern coast of Europe-has warming effect on climate
Created by: poffmoore
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