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Music App Test 3

Question	Answer
One of the major figures of European philosophy who had a direct effect on music history was	C. Rousseau.
In keeping with an age that valued intelligence, wit, and sensitivity, the eighteenth century was a time of social inventions, one of which was	A. the salon.
Rousseau, writing scathingly about opera of the late Baroque era, demanded that opera	B. portray real people in actual life.
The characteristics shared by both Classical opera and the novel were	D. sharp, sympathetic depictions of contemporary life.
What was the public forum for orchestral music?	A. the concert hall
Because of the need for variety in music, Classical composers refined the rhythmic differences between musical themes, creating music that moves	B. less predictably than Baroque music.
In contrast with Baroque treatment of dynamics, the Classical composer explored	D. gradations of volume.
One sign of the new flexiblity in dynamics was the emergence of the _____ as a popular instrument because of its large dynamic range.	C. piano
In the Classical orchestra, certain families of instruments were given	A. clearly defined, regular roles.
The complex, richly ornamented melodic lines of the Baroque period gave way to	B. singable melodies with clear phrases.
Popular music and folk tunes were common sources for all of the following except	D. sarabandes.
One aspect of the development of sensitivity to harmony was	C. a desire for the chord to be spaced and distributed among the instruments in a particular way.
The basic function of polyphony during the Classical period was to	B. build up tension.
Classical composers addressed the question of how one can extend music through a long span of time when listeners expect music that can be easily understood. Their solution involved several elements, including	C. repeated themes that become familiar to the listener.
Which form is not a standard form for the Classical period?	D. ritornello form
The prominence of the Classical symphony was due in part to	D. the growth of public concerts.
The number of movements in a symphony usually is	B. four.
The opening movement of a Classical symphony was written in the most important form of the time, the _____ form.	D. sonata
The second movement of a Classical symphony usually gives the listener a moment of _____ due to its _____ and _____.	A. contrast; slow tempo; quiet mood
The third movement of a Classical symphony usually gives the listener a moment of _____ due to its _____.	C. contrast; persistent dance rhythms
The fourth movement of the symphony closes the work with a moment of _____ due to its _____.	B. contrast; brilliant, quick tempos
Sonata form can be seen as a very large-scale A B A' form with each letter standing for the following terms:	A. A-exposition, B-development, A'-recapitulation.
The first movement of Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor is a fine example of Classical _____ form.	C. sonata
Mozart wrote his greatest operas in what European city?	B. Vienna
Whereas in the Baroque period composers cultivated variations on a bass pattern, composers in the Classical period preferred	C. variations on short tunes in the upper register.
The Classical variation form contains	B. contrasting moods with the same theme.
Haydn was a prolific composer. Included in the more than 100 symphonies he wrote are 12 symphonies written in the 1790s known as the _____ symphonies.	C. London
Works with four movements, such as symphonies and string quartets, always included a ______, usually as a light contrast after a slow movement.	C. minuet
Because of its a b a' form, Classical dance form is sometimes called	B. ternary form.
The critical feature of the rondo form is	C. the regular return of the main tune A.
As a genre, the Classical sonata refers to a piece for one or two instruments, performed in a	B. private setting.
Piano sonatas of the Classical period tend to have _____ movements.	C. three
One feature that remained the same from the Baroque concerto through the Classical-era concerto was	A. instrumental virtuosity.
The first movement of Mozart's Piano Concerto in A, K. 488, starts with an innovation of Mozart's, the	C. double exposition.
In a concerto, the orchestra does not modulate during the orchestra exposition. Instead, the change of key is saved for the	D. solo exposition.
Classical string quartets were intended primarily for	D. small, informal audiences.
The interplay of a string quartet has been compared to	A. the art of cultivated conversation.
The Classical-period opera that promoted a more "natural," lifelike quality of comedy was called	B. opera buffa.
The advantage of the ensemble, a number sung by two or more characters, is that	D. the feelings and thoughts of the characters can be presented simultaneously, without stopping the opera's drama.
Mozart's opera Don Giovanni can be characterized as a	C. dark comedy.
Beethoven was the model for the many great ______ composers who came after him in the nineteenth century.	C. Romantic
Beethoven epitomizes the new view of the composer as no longer a servant-craftsman, but an artistic genius who	C. suffers and creates for humanity.
One of the teachers who contributed to Beethoven's roots in Classical musical expression was the composer	A. Franz Joseph Haydn.
A political event that made an enormous impact in Beethoven's life and the lives of his contemporaries was the	B. French Revolution.
Beethoven achieved an intense mood of urgency and excitement by	D. maximizing all musical elements.
The genre that Beethoven is especially associated with is the	A. symphony.
When Beethoven suffered a crisis in 1802, he wrote a statement of his ideals and, partly, a not-so-subtle suicide note called	B. the Heiligenstadt Testament.
One element of Beethoven's writing that is immediately clear is his	D. rhythmic drive.
One of the style features of Beethoven's writing that dominates the first movement of his Symphony No. 5 is	A. motivic consistency.
The scherzo movement of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 is a replacement for the traditional _____ of the Classical symphony.	B. minuet and trio
In the development section of the first movement of Symphony No. 5, Beethoven plays with our sense of themes through	C. fragmentation.
In the first movement of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, an unusual event in the recapitulation is the appearance of a	A. slow oboe cadenza.
Beethoven's third period can be characterized as being more _____ in genres such as the piano sonata and string quartet.	D. introspective and abstract
During the eighteenth century, literature had always been considered the most important of all the arts. However, after Beethoven, it was seen that music could be	B. taken as seriously as literature.
Although striving for an ideal state of being was at the heart of the Romantic movement, the highest artistic goal was	C. emotional expression.
Which is true of Romantic composers?	A. They worked to break down barriers of harmony, form, and genre.
As we might expect from a movement focused on transcending the ordinary, Romantic music and literature often showed a fascination with	A. the supernatural and the macabre.
"All art aspires to the condition of music" was a sentiment expressed by	C. Walter Pater.
"Domestic" musical genres such as _____ became well established on the concert hall stage during the nineteenth century.	D. string quartets
Because the Romantic performer was interested in greater expressivity in the area of rhythm, the performer would use rubato, which literally means _____, in performance.	B. robbed time
Romantic composers were committed to writing more and more expressive melodies. Accordingly, to make them sound more spontaneous and sensitive, melodies became	A. more irregular in rhythm and phrase structure.
In order to pursue the Romantic ideal of expressivity, Romantic composers used _____ in both melodies and harmony.	D. chromaticism
Compared to the sharply defined sonorities of the Classical composer, the Romantic composer was interested in	B. the varieties of sonorities resulting from blending new combinations of orchestral instruments.
Instrumental music with extramusical associations, such as a story or a poem or even a landscape, is called	A. program music.
One way for the Romantic composer to give the listener some means of following the music while still giving the impression of being free and spontaneous was to cultivate	C. songs and short piano pieces called miniatures.
As there was an increasing tendency to retain some of the same thematic material throughout a composition, a general principle of _____ was developed by Romantic composers.	B. thematic unity
The term thematic transformation refers to	D. a variation-like procedure used in Romantic music.
As the lied is mainly accompanied by the piano alone, the relationship of the pianist to the singer is one of being a(n) _____ in the total artistic effort.	C. partner
When a song is composed with the same music for each stanza of the poem, it is called	C. strophic.
Schubert's "Erlkönig" is an example of a	A. through-composed work
Which is true of Schumann's Dichterliebe?	A. It is a song cycle.
Which composer founded the magazine Die Neue Zeitschrift für Musik("The New Music Journal") to advocate a higher level of music?	D. Schumann
The counterpart of the vocal miniature called lied is the short piano piece called the	B. character piece.
"Eusebius" and "Florestan," two characters featured in Carnaval, were the alter egos of	A. Schumann.
The composer whose primary musical compositions were for the piano was	B. Chopin.
The concert overture, a work that followed Classical models, used the _____ form.	C. sonata
Among the "grandiose" compositions by Berlioz are	A. program symphonies.
The use of a single theme to represent the musician's beloved in the Fantastic Symphony by Berlioz was called the	C. idée fixe.
The Gregorian chant used by Berlioz in the fifth movement of the Fantastic Symphony is	C. Dies irae.
An important theme that affected nineteenth-century opera was	C. the celebration of music as the most profound of the arts.
The serious operas by this composer established the style and form of Italian Romantic opera known as bel canto opera.	A. Rossini
In what way did the orchestra's role greatly change in nineteenth-century opera?	A. The full orchestra's role expanded to accompany passages of recitative with active music that urged the singers on.
What were the two great Shakespearean operas that Verdi wrote in his seventies?	B. Otello and Falstaff
One of the most frequently performed operas of Verdi's is	D. Rigoletto.
Rigoletto was based on a play by	B. Victor Hugo
The opera composer who complained that opera had degenerated into a concert in costume was	B. Wagner.
As Wagner developed his ideas and philosophy about opera, he grew to distinguish his new style of _____ from ordinary opera	D. music drama
Included in Wagner's anti-Semitic writings was a vicious attack on a fellow composer who had just died; that composer was	C. Mendelssohn.
Wagner's musical solution to the Romantic desire for thematic unity was his use of the	A. leitmotiv.
Wagner's opera The Valkyrie is one of four parts in the larger music drama called	D. The Nibelung’s Ring.
What happens in Act I, scene i, of The Valkyrie?	D. Siegmund and Sieglinde meet and fall in love at first sight.
The main Italian composer following Verdi was	D. Giacomo Puccini.
How did opera audiences' tastes change in the period following Verdi and Wagner?	C. They wanted more modern-day, realistic subjects about regular people.
What is Cho-Cho-San singing about in the aria “Un bel dì”?	B. She is fantasizing about Lieutenant Pinkerton's return, which she is sure will happen.
In France, Italy, and parts of Germany, 1848 was a year of failed revolutions, and while Romanticism continued, it lived on as	C. nostalgic Romanticism.
As in literature and art, there was a growing sense of realism in _____ at the end of the nineteenth century.	B. opera
The composer who was instrumental in developing the symphonic tone poem and who inspired other composers to use this new genre was	B. Liszt.
Tchaikovsky's way of musically following the Shakespearean play Romeo and Juliet was to	D. have the interaction and transformation of the themes in the piece "tell" the story.
For thirteen years, _____ subsidized Tchaikovsky with commissions and an annuity.	A. Madame von Meck
One legacy of Romanticism was the struggle for national independence, which was reflected in an effort to	B. develop new, genuinely local musical styles.
Which is true of Musorgsky's compositions?	B. They were more successful after Rimsky-Korsakov's help.
The Romantic composer whose literal move to Vienna coincided with his musical return to the Classical forms and genres of Vienna was	C. Johannes Brahms.
It was thought that Brahms waited until he was forty-three years old to write or publish a symphony because he worried about being compared with	A. Beethoven.
While Brahms returned to Classical forms and genres, Mahler responded to Romanticism with _____ and _____ of emotion, melody, motive, and harmony.	C. exaggeration; distortion
Gustav Mahler wrote fewer compositions than any other important composer due, in part, to the fact that he	B. had time to compose only during the summer.
The third movement of Mahler's Symphony No. 1 is a(n)	C. parody of a funeral march.
The first group of modernists to capture the attention of the artistic world emerged during the period from	B. 1890 to 1918.
Which of the following shook people's sense of certainty in the early twentieth century?	C. the psychological theories of Freud
Modernists questioned basic assumptions about	A. melody, harmony, and tonality.
Schoenberg's new method of _____ created a special scale for each composition.	D. serialism
Composers like _____ attacked Romantic emotionalism and praised a new objectivity in music.	D. Wagner
Impressionism, as an artistic movement, originated in the art of	C. painters.
The symbolists were fascinated with the music dramas of Richard Wagner because of his use of	A. leitmotivs.
Two European centers of art, which were also centers of avant-garde music, were	B. Paris and Vienna.
One of the first scales with which modernist composers experimented was the	B. pentatonic scale.
One scale that can be found frequently in Debussy's music is the	D. whole-tone scale.
Which composer in particular favored the octatonic scale?	A. Stravinsky.
Which composer spoke of “The Emancipation of Dissonance,” meaning freedom from the need to resolve to a consonant cord?	C. Schoenberg
Debussy's themes and motives also tend to be	B. fragmentary.
Debussy's musical style was influenced by several events in his early career, including	C. hearing the Indonesian gamelan at the World's Fair in Paris.
Stravinsky's three ballets written for the Ballets Russes in Paris reveal his progressively abstract use of	A. folk tunes.
The first performance of The Rite of Spring	C. caused a riot in the audience.
For twenty-five years, as a leading Neoclassical composer, Stravinsky was regarded as the polar opposite of	C. Schoenberg the serialist.
In Austria and Germany, composers were writing increasingly complex and emotional music, touching on the nightmarish, as part of an artistic movement called	B. expressionism.
The leading expressionist composer was	A. Schoenberg.
The soprano in Pierrot lunaire performs in a style that is in between song and speech, an invention of Schoenberg's called	D. Sprechstimme.
Schoenberg and his pupils Webern and _____ are often referred to as the Second Viennese School.	B. Berg
The opera Wozzeck is based on	A. fragments of a play by Georg Büchner.
It is unusual that Charles Ives emerged as a major modernist composer during a musically conservative time in America, and more so because Ives	A. worked in isolation.
Instead of making his living as a composer, Ives had a job	C. in business.
The first important African American composer in the concert music tradition was	B. William Grant Still.
Maurice Ravel's compositional style can be considered to be	C. between impressionism and Neoclassicism.
Because of his deep commitment to folk music, which composer is said to have been more successful at integrating folk music into the classical music literature than any other composer?	D. Bartók
Not only a fine pianist and composer, Bartók was was also a	B. music educator.
_____, a set of 153 graded piano pieces by Bartók, introduces students, from beginning to advanced, to modernism.	C. Mikrokosmos
Because of the rise and spread of Hitler's regime, composers such as _____ and _____ fled Europe and came to the United States.	A. Weill; Bartók
The next leading American composer in the generation after Charles Ives was	D. Aaron Copland.
Copland's set of twenty Variations for Piano (1930) reflects the chief modernist influence on his work, namely	B. Stravinsky.
Like many writers, artists, and other composers of the 1930s, Copland was attracted to a leftist philosophy, which insisted that art should	A. "serve the people."
In order to match musical themes to situations on the movie screen, film composers took their cue from the music of	A. Richard Wagner.
Which Russian composer suffered ideological muzzling by the Communist Party?	C. Dmitri Shostakovich.
In his early career, Prokofiev was a _______, but he later embraced ________.	C. modernist; Neoclassicism.
Inspired by Schoenberg's serialism, a tendency of some composers in the second phase of modernism after World War II was	A. to serialize other musical elements like rhythm, timbre, and dynamics.
For some composers in the late twentieth century, the orchestra seemed stiff and antiquated, and so they sought	B. to use new sound materials.
In electronic music, sound from real life, like traffic noise (versus "abstract" sound generated electronically), is called	D. musique concrète.
A term that refers to music in which certain elements are largely unspecified by the composer is	A. chance music.
Ligeti's composition Lux aeterna demonstrates the search for	B. new sonorities.
What study did John Cage engage in that led him to a fresh, new attitude toward music, time, and life experience?	C. Zen Buddhism
A musical style that originated mainly in America is	C. minimalism.
Both the sound and the direction of the players in Reich's Music for 18 Musicians is similar to that of	A. gamelan orchestras of Indonesia.
The composition From the Grammar of Dreams by Kaija Saariaho uses the words of the American poet	A. Sylvia Plath.
Terry Riley's In C can be considered the first clear example of	C. minimalism.
________ strives to affect one's sense of time through repetition of simple harmonies and tunes or motives.	B. Minimalism
The current approach to concert music composition can be seen to have three tendencies, one of which is	C. eclecticism.
John Adams's El Niño is	B. an oratorio.
The text of Adams's El Niño is based mainly on	A. a mixture of biblical passages and poems, including many by Mexican female poets.
The first book printed in North America was the _____ of 1640, a book with text but no tunes because most everyone knew the few tunes that would go with each text.	C. Bay Psalm Book
The composer and pianist Amy Beach contributed to many genres except the	A. fuging tune.
African American music got a big boost from the Bohemian composer _____, the first major European composer to spend time in America.	B. Dvořák
Which of the following is not a feature of jazz?	D. bel canto singing
Which was an early influence on jazz and continues to be today?	A. the blues
Because of the high quality of playing by Louis Armstrong and his colleagues, what became a regular feature in early jazz?	B. solo sections
One style feature of big-band jazz was	D. orchestration based on the contrast between brass and "reed" groups.
Which is not an element of the bebop style developed in the small clubs of Harlem?	A. simple harmonies
Toward the end of the big-band era, there was a need by discontented jazz musicians to return to	C. free improvisation.
In 1924, Gershwin’s _____, billed as “An Experiment in Modern Music,” was one of many attempts to bridge the canyon between vernacular and cultivated music.	C. Rhapsody in Blue
_______ were so called to distinguish them from their European counterparts, operettas.	A. Musicals.
The first rock’n’roll style to emerge after World War II was called	B. rockabilly.
Rock’n’roll grew out of a blending of	B. country music with rhythm and blues.

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