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Chatpter 5 vocabulry
Chapter 5 vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
work | transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move; measured in joules |
power | amount of wwork done, or the amount of energy transferred, divided by the time required to do the work or transfer the energy; measured in watts |
machine | device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to an object, changing the direction of an applied force, or increasing the distance over which a force can be applied |
input force | the force that is applied to the machine |
output force | the force applied by the machine |
mechanical advantage | ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine |
efficiency | ratio of the output work done by the machine to input work done on the machine, expressed as a percentage |
simple machine | machine that does work with only one movement-lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge |
lever | simple machine consisting of a bar free to pivot about a fixed point called fulcrum |
pulley | simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove; can be either fixed movable |
wheel and axle | simple machine that consists of a shaft or axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the shaft and the wheel rotate |
inclined plne | simple machine that consists of a sloping surface, such as a rmp, that reduces the amount of force needed to lift something by increasing the distance over which the force is applied |
screw | simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post |
wedge | simple machine that is an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides |
compound machine | machine that is a ombination of two or more simple machines |