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Graphics Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
graphic image | a visual design or representation made using various methods and programs(ex. painting, drawing, shape, photograph) |
pixels | small squares of color in a grid; a collection of pixels can produce an image |
bitmap/raster image | a complex image made up of pixels that usually create realistic images or photos (created with paint programs) |
vector graphic | drawings created by using a series of lines and curves that usually create images like clip art, cartoons. diagrams, maps, etc. and can be resized without losing clarity (created with drawing programs) |
resolution | the clarity of an image, expressed as dots per inch (dpi) or pixels per inch (ppi); the higher the resolution, the greater the image detail |
compression | reducing the size of an image |
lossless | compression reduces the file size without losing any pixel information |
lossy | compression reduces the size of an image file by removing or simplifying data that is not essential (the greater the lossy compression, the poorer the quality of the image) |
file formats | tells the computer how to display, print, and process, and save the data; dictated by the application program which created the file, and the operating system under which it was created and stored. |
GIF | lossy raster file format that reduces the number of colors in an image (best for web pages, small icons, etc.) |
BMP | lossy raster file format similar to GIF |
PNG | lossless raster file format that preserves image detail and preserves transparency (good general purpose format) |
TIFF | lossless raster file format that preserves image detail and preserve transparency (works best for high quality printing, files are quite large) |
JPG | raster file format commonly used for photographs and images (for low to medium resolution needs, or pictures that do not require transparency); most common digital format |
WMF | windows meta file; used for vector graphics |
aspect ratio | ratio of width to height; must be maintained when image is resized to avoid distortion |