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World History

Chapter 5

QuestionAnswer
Scottish economist who greatly admired physiocrats; wrote The Wealth of Nations Adam Smith
ornate style that were huge, colorful, and full of excitement Baroque
worked for years to produce the 28 volume encyclopedia Diderot
Virginia planter and soldier; political and social leader from other colonies George Washington
born in England unlike his father; 60 year reign; loved Britain and spoke English King George III
early and influential thinker; studied government of Europe; published The Spirit of the Laws; felt each branch of government should be able to serve as a check to the other two Montesquieu
states that all government power comes from the people, is also an important point in the Declaration popular sovereignty
style that moved away from religion and was lighter, elegant, and charming rococo
informal social gatherings at which writers, artists, philosophers, and other exchanged ideas; originated in 1600s salon
from Virginia; principal author of the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson
What rules discoverable by reason did Enlightenment thinkers try to apply to the study of human behavior and society Natural law
In A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Mary Wollstonecraft argued that women and men should have equal education
physiocrats supported a government policy of laissez faire
Enlightenment writers often faced censorship because they challenged the old order
An enlightened despot was a ruler who used their power to influenced political and social change
which Enlightened despot traveled among the peasants in disguise to learn about their problems Joseph II
because the American colonies were home to diverse religious and ethnic groups, social distinctions were more blurred than Europe
why did Britain pass the Navigation Act to regulate colonial trade and manufacturing
why was the Battle of Saratoga a turing point in the American Revolution the Americans triumphed over the British and that convinced France to support the revolution
enlightenment thinkers were influenced by the idea of natural law that emerged from the Scientific Revolution
according to Thomas Hobbes, the best form of government is absolute monarchy
the system of checks and balances in the US constitution was influenced by the ideas of which enlightenment thinker Montesquieu
Diderot's Encyclopedia was important because it helped spread the Enlightenment ideas around Europe
Economist Adam Smith argued that, in a free market, business activity would be regulated by the forces of supply and demand
what enlightenment thinker argued that the purpose of government is to safeguard the natural rights of people John Locke
Describe Voltaire's novel Candide it exposed corruption and hypocrisy
Enlightenment writers sometimes tried to avoid censorship by disguising their ideas in works of fiction
Elegant compositions by Handel, Haydn, and Mozart reflected a new musical style of the Enlightenment known as classical
During the Enlightenment, what argument did government and church officials use to justify their war of censorship they believed God had set up the old order and they felt like they had a sacred duty to defend the old order
in the 1700s, British merchants gained enormous wealth by dominating what type of trade with the Spanish Armada slave trade
which British laws imposed taxes on such items as newspapers and pamphlets in the American colonies Stamp Act
What were the advantages of the colonists in the American Revolution? geography of the diverse continent; they were familiar with the thicks woods and inadequate roads; strong leader George Washington; determination to fight for their ideals of liberty
The Constitution created a federal republic, which divided power between the federal, or national, government and the states
The idea of separation of powers in the Constitution was borrowed from Enlightenment thinker Montesquieu
Created by: annalebrun
 

 



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