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ES 06 Earth Layers

Terms associated with Earth's layers.

TermDefinition
Kola Superdeep Borehole deepest hole ever dug by man, 7.5 miles deep, in Russia
crust thinnest, least dense upper layer of Earth that makes up 1% of Earth's mass
oxygen and silicon top two elements in Earth's crust (not in notes)
granite igneous rock type that is most common in continental crust
basalt igneous rock type that is most common in oceanic crust
tectonic plate one of the pieces of Earth's crust that float around, changing position over time
mantle largest layer of Earth's crust, its a semi-solid region that contains the asthenosphere and part of the lithosphere
convection rotating/swirling movement in Earth's mantle that causes the surface plates to shift position over time is a ___ current
lithosphere 'crunchy' layer of Earth, containing the crust and the upper part of the mantle
density variations in this property, the result of temperature differences in the mantle, cause convection currents to form
asthenosphere 'plastic' layer of the upper mantle upon which the lithosphere floats and shifts
iron and nickel two most common elements in Earth's core
outer core liquid metal layer of Earth whose currents are believed to be responsible for Earth's magnetic field
inner core Earth's solid rotating center make of Fe/Ni, density 13, pressure 2 million times greater than surface, temperatures over 10,000° F
oceanic composed mostly of dark basalt, the ___ crust averages 7 km (4 miles) thick, forms at mid-ocean ridges and is 200 million years old or younger
continental crust composed mostly of granite, the ___ crust averages 35 km (20 miles) thick and may be up to 4 billion years old
Moho discontinuity boundary between Earth's crust and mantle discovered by the way it affected seismic (earthquake) waves
seismologist scientist who studies earthquake (seismic) waves
seismic earthquakes produce ___ waves that can be used to map Earth's interior
volcanologist scientist who studies volcanoes
lith- prefix, derived from Greek, meaning "stone"
Created by: goakley
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