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15.6 Musculoskeletal

Musculoskeletal Vocab

TermDefinition
acetabulum Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis, which joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint.
acromion Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder. It overlies the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle.
articular cartilage Thin layer of cartilage surrounding the bone in the joint space.
bone Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton. Examples are long bones (femur), short bones (carpals), flat bones (scapula), and sesamoid bones (patella).
calcium One of the mineral constituents of bone. Calcium phosphate is the major calcium salt in bones.
cancellous bone Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone.
cartilaginous tissue Flexible, rubbery connective tissue. It is found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces.
collagen Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues.
compact bone Hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones.
condyle Knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint.
cranial bones Skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal.
diaphysis Shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone.
disk (disc) Flat, round, plate-like structure. An intervertebral disk is a fibrocartilaginous substance between two vertebrae.
epiphyseal plate cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton.
epiphysis each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate
facial bones bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic.
fissure narrow, silt-like opening in or between bones.
fontanelle soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant.
foramen opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave. the forearm magnum is the opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
fossa shallow cavity in a bone.
haversian canals minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.
malleolus round process on both sides of the ankle joint. the lateral malleolus is part of the fibula, and the medial malleolus is part of the tibia.
manubrium upper portion of the sternum; articulates with the medial aspect of the clavicle.
mastoid process round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.
medullary cavity central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.
metaphysis flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyseal plate ( in this term, meta-means between.)
olecranon large process on the proximal end of the ulna; the point of the flexed elbow.
osseous tissue bone tissue
ossification process of bone formation
osteoblast bone cell that helps form bony tissue.
osteoclast bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
periosteum membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue.
phosphorus mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium.
pubic symphysis area of confluence (coming together) of the two pubic bones in the pelvis. they are joined (sym-means together, -physis means to grow) bby a fibrocartilaginous disk.
red bone marrow found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis.
ribs twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall. True ribs are the first 7 pairs, false ribs are pairs 8 to 10; floating ribs are pairs 11 and 12.
sella turcica depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.
sinus hollow air cavity within a bone.
styloid process pole like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull.
suture joint between bones, such as the skull (cranium).
Created by: vikingmedterm
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