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neuro pharm
First Aid neuro pharm
description | drug |
---|---|
agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission | opiod analgesics |
block Na+ channel; inhibit glutamate release | phenytoin |
increase DURATION of Cl- channel opening --> increase GABA(A) action | barbituates |
increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openeing --> increase GABA(A) action | BZD |
used for pain, cough suppression, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema | opiods |
induction of anesthesia | barbituates (thiopental) |
for detox, especially EtOH withdrawl (DT), night terrors, sleepwalking | BZD |
neuro drugs that incrase P450 | barbituates, phenytoin, carbamazepine |
SE: respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS depression | opioids |
additive CNS depression effects with EtOH | barbituates, BZD |
SE: nystagmus, diplopia, SLE-syndrome, increases P450 | phenytoin |
BZD OD treatment | flumazenil --> competitive antag at GABA receptor |
opiod OD treatment | naloxone/naltrexone --> opioid receptor antag |
anti-seizure drugs also used for bipolar treatment | carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproic acid |
1st line for tonic-clonic seizures | phenytoin, carbamazpine, valproic acid |
1st line for absence seizures | ethosuximide |
1st line for status epilepticus seizures | BZD (diazepam, lorazepam) |
1st line for status epilepticus prophylaxis | phenytoin |
1st line for trigeminal neuralgia | carbamazepine |
also used for peripheral neuropathy | gabapentin |
1st line for epilepsy in pregnancy and children | phenobarbital |
also used for myoclonic seizures | valproic acid |
also used for eclampsia seizures | BZD |
1st line to prevent eclampsia seizures | MgSO4 |
increase Na+ channel inactivation | phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid |
blocks voltage gated Na+ channels | lamotrigine |
increase GABA release | gabapentin |
increase GABA(A) action | phenobarbital, BZD |
increase [GABA] | valproic acid |
blocks thalamic T-type Ca++ channels | ethosuxamide |
drugs a/w Steven Johnson syndrome | ethosuxamide, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital |
causes NTD; contraindicated in pregnancy | valproic acid |
inhaled anesthetic with hepatotoxicity | halothane |
most common drugs for endoscopy | midazolam (BZD) |
stimulates heart, increases cerebral blood flow, for kids < 13 y/o | ketamine |
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug | succinylcholine |
non-depolarzing neuromuscular blocking drug --> competes with ACh | tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronum, vecuronium, rocuronium |
prevents Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum | dantrolene |
used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome | dantrolene |
Parkinson drugs | bromocriptine, amantidine, L-dopa/carbidopa, selegiline, benztropine |
DA agonist for Parkinson's | bromocriptine |
Parkinson's drug that increases DA release | amantidine |
Parkinson's drug that decreses ACh activity | benztropine |
CANNOT cross BBB | dopamine |
able to cross BBB | L-dopa |
given with L-dopa to increase bioavailability of L-dopa in brean and decrease peripheral effects | carbidopa |
inhibit MAO-B ---> prevents DA breakdown in brain | selegiline |
5HT(1D) agonist --> causes vasoconstriction | sumatriptan |
used for acute migraines, cluster headaches | sumatriptan |