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Bonding
Regents Chem Bonding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| molecular compound | compound with covalent bonds containing nonmetals and/or semi-metals |
| ionic compound | compound with ionic bonds; usually between metals and nonmetals that transferred electrons. |
| covalent bonds | Bond formed when nonmetals and/or semi-metals share electrons |
| coordinant covalent bonds | covalent bonds where the 2 shared electrons come from the same atom. Hydronium (H3O+) and ammonium (NH4+) contain this special type of bond. |
| polar molecules | molecule with an uneven distribution of electrons. Positive and negative regions exist |
| nonpolar molecules | molecule with even distribution of electrons due to its SYMMETRY. |
| network bonding/network solid | strongest intermolecular force. Covalent bonds continue in all directions. Ex. Diamond, graphite and silicon dioxide, silicon carbide |
| metallic bonding | nuclei surrounded by a “sea of moving electrons’ – this is why metals conduct. |
| intermolecular forces | attractive forces between molecules, the stronger they are, the higher the boiling and melting points will be |
| hydrogen bonding | strong attraction between certain polar molecules containing hydrogen bonded to small, highly electronegative elements like N, O and F |
| molecule ion attractions | polar molecules are attracted to ionic compounds. This is how water dissolves salts, by attacking and surrounding the ions |
| octet rule | all elements want 8 valence electrons to become stable. H and He only require 2 electrons (duet rule) |
| ion | a charged element or compound, formed by a gain or loss of electrons |
| cation | The special name for a positive ion; "MEOW" |
| anion | A-Negative ION |
| formula unit | a single piece of an ionic compound |
| formula | represents a compound, using element symbols and their subscripts |
| electronegativity | ability to attract electrons |
| polar covalent bond | unequal sharing of electrons; END is 0.4-2.0 |
| nonpolar covalent bond | equal sharing of electrons, usually in diatomic molecules; END 0-0.3 |
| diatomic element | 7 elements that cannot exist alone in nature. They bond to themselves (ex: F2) |
| structural formula | Shows bonded and non-bonded e's, element symbols, and the geometry of a molecule |
| unshared (lone) electron pair | Non-bonded electrons. These repel all bonded e's and change symmetry of a molecule. |
| symmetry | A molecule with evenly distributed e's |
| Has both ionic and covalent bonds | Any ionic compound that has a table E ion in it. (the polyatomic ion contains covalent bonds, but the overall bonding is ionic) |
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etucci
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