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Chapter6 Diseases

Heart diseases

Disease NameDx, Sx, Tx,
Atherosclerosis EKG, Blood test (CBC), CT Scan. Occlusion of an artery. Blood Pressure Meds, Cholesterol meds, diet!
Aortic anuerysm Physical Exam, Ultrasound, Echocardiogram, CT Scan, MRI. Usually asymptomatic until rupture. Surgery, BP meds,.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension Pulmonary function test, Echocardiography, Lung scan, Cardiac catherization. Asymptomatic. Medications to lower pressure, oxygen, lung transplant.
Varicose veins PE of the legs. Swollen veins of the legs, knotty appearance. Elastic bandages, support hose, walking, elevating the legs.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) PE, EKG, Stress test, Nuclear imaging, Angiography. Angina pectoris, palpitations, MI. Angioplasty, coronary artery bypass surgery, BP lowering meds, Cholesterol lowering meds, Diet Exercise.
Myocarditis Echocardiography, EKG, PE. Fever, CP, SOB, Tachycardia. Bed rest, treatment of viral infection.
Dilated cardiomyopathy Echocardiography, EKG, PE. Dyspnea, orthopnea, weakness, Peripheral Edema. Meds, rest, Heart Transplant if severe.
Mitral regurgitation EKG, Echocariography, Phonocardiogram, Cardiac catherization. Usually no symptoms. Surgery to replace valve.
Aortic regurgitation EKG, BP check, echocardiography, phoncardiogram, cardiac catherization. Dilation, backflow blood into left ventricle, decreased diastolic pressure, symptoms of heart failure. Surgery to replace valve.
Ventricular EX: hypertension, atherosclerosis, smoking, drug abuse SX: Tachycardia,Bradycardia ,edema Shortness of breath DX: EKG, Blood pressure Check echocardiography phonocardiogram, and cardiac catherization. TX: Antiarrhytmic medications
Congestive heart failure EX: Complication of most forms of heart disease SX: shortness of breath, fatigue, edema DX: Phys exam,EKG, xray,ECG, blood pressure TX: medication that improve cardiac output bed rest
Shock EX: hemorrhage, trauma, allergic reaction SX: drop in blood pressure to low to sustain life DX: phys exam, medical history TX: med to increase heart rate, rapid admin of fluids to increase blood pressure
Created by: Aaronlee
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