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Chapter 6 vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
sediment | small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity |
lithification | the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary |
cementation | occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock |
bedding | primary feature of sedimentary rocks is horizontal layering |
graded bedding | heavier particle sizes become heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers |
cross-bedding | formed as layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface |
clastic sedimentary rocks | formed from an abundance of loose sediments |
clastic | classified by size of particles |
porosity | percentage of open spaces between grains in the rock |
evaporites | layers of chemical sedimentary rocks form |
foliated | high pressure during metamorphism |
nonfoliated | composed mainly of minerals that form with blocky crystal shapes |
regional metamorphism | high temp and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust |
contact metamorphism | molten material, such as that in an igneous intrusion, comes in contact with solid rock |
hydrothermal metamorphism | very hot water reacts with rock and alters its chemical and mineral compositions |
rock cycle | continuous changing and remaking of rocks |