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Chem Ch. 12&13 Quiz
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1) Choose the statement below that is TRUE. | A) A solution will form between two substances if the solute-solvent interactions are of comparable strength to the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. |
2) Give the major force between ethanol and water. | C) hydrogen bonding |
3) Give the major force between acetone and chloroform. | A) dipole-dipole |
4) Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in pentane (C5H12)? | B) benzene (C6H6) |
5) Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in ethanol (CH3CH2OH)? | C) ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) |
6) Which of the following compounds is most soluble in hexane (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3)? | E) 1-pentanol |
7) Choose the situation below that would result in a ΔHsolution near 0. | D) When |ΔHsolute| is close to |ΔHhydration| |
8) Choose the situation below that would result in an exothermic ΔHsolution. | C) When |ΔHsolute| < |ΔHhydration| |
9) Choose the situation below that would result in an endothermic ΔHsolution. | A) When |ΔHsolute| > |ΔHhydration| |
10) Which of the following ions should have the most exothermic ΔHhydration? | C) Al3⁺ |
11) Determine DHsolute for KBr if the DHsolution (KBr) = +19.9 kJ/mol and the ΔHhydration(KBr)=-670. kJ/mol. | C) +690 kJ/mol |
12) Dynamic equilibrium can be defined as | A) rate of dissolution = rate of deposition |
13) Dissolving is | C) rate of dissolution > rate of deposition |
14) A solution containing less than the equilibrium amount is called __________. | A) an unsaturated solution |
15) A solution is formed at room temperature by vigorously dissolving enough of the solid solute so that some solid remains at the bottom of the solution. Which statement below is TRUE? | C) The solution is considered saturated. |
16) Which of the following statements is generally TRUE? | D) The solubility of a solid is highly dependent on temperature. |
17) A solid can be purified through what technique? | A) recrystallization |
18) Identify the compound whose solubility is least affected by temperature. | E) NaCl |
19) Identify the compound whose solubility decreases with increasing temperature. | A) Na2SO4 |
20) Which of the following statements is TRUE? | C) The solubility of a gas is highly dependent on both pressure and temperature. |
21) Which of the following statements is TRUE? | B) In general, the solubility of a gas in water decreases with increasing temperature. |
22) Identify the gas that is dissolved in carbonated sodas. | A) carbon dioxide |
23) Which of the following should have the largest Henry's law constant (kH) in water? | B) CO |
32) Which of the following concentration units are temperature dependent? | D) molarity |
33) Identify the colligative property. | E) all of the above |
65) Give the reason that antifreeze is added to a car radiator. | A) The freezing point is lowered and the boiling point is elevated. |
66) Place the following aqueous solutions of nonvolatile, nonionic compounds in order of decreasing osmotic pressure. I. 0.011 M sucrose II. 0.00095 M glucose III. 0.0060 M glycerin | A) I > III > II |
67) Place the following solutions in order of increasing osmotic pressure. I. 0.15 M C2H6O2 II. 0.15 M MgCl2 III. 0.15 M NaCl | E) I < III < II |
70) Identify the solute with the highest van't Hoff factor. | E) FeCl3 |
71) Identify the solute with the lowest van't Hoff factor. | A) nonelectrolyte |
Highest boiling point | A) 0.100 m AlCl3 |
Highest boiling point | B) 0.100 m Li2SO4 |
Lowest Vapor Pressure | C) 0.060 m K2CO3 |
Highest Vapor Pressure | E) They all have about the same vapor pressure. |
Lowest Freezing Point | B) 0.075 m (NH4)3PO4 |
Highest Freezing Point | C) 0.200 m HOCH2CH2OH |
79) Fluids used for an intravenous transfusion must be __________ with bodily fluids. | A) isosmotic |
80) Solutions having osmotic pressures less than those of body fluids are called __________. | C) hyposmotic |
81) Define smoke as a colloid. | B) a solid dispersed in a gas |
82) Identify the classification of milk. | D) emulsion |
83) Identify the classification of opal. | E) solid emulsion |
84) Identify the classification of whipped cream. | C) foam |
1) Which cation in each set is expected to have the larger (more negative) hydration energy? I Be2+ or Ca2+ II Rb+ or Zn2+ | B) Be2+ in set I and Zn2+ in set II |
6) To make a 0.500 M solution, one could take 0.500 moles of solute and add | C) enough solvent to make 1.00 L of solution. |
9) To make a 2.00 m solution, one could take 2.00 moles of solute and add | B) 1.00 kg of solvent. |
28) Which of the following solutions will have the lowest freezing point? | D) 0.015 m BaCl2 |
2) Identify the methods used to monitor a reaction as it occurs in the reaction flask. | E) all of the above |
15) Give the characteristic of a first order reaction having only one reactant. | E) The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. |
16) Give the characteristic of a zero order reaction having only one reactant. | A) The rate of the reaction is not proportional to the concentration of the reactant. |
17) Give the characteristic of a second order reaction having only one reactant. | B) The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactant. |
22) What are the units of k in a zero order reaction? | A) M/s |
23) What are the units of k in a first order reaction? | E) 1/s |
24) What are the units of k in a second order reaction? | C) M-1s-1 |
39) Which of the following represents the integrated rate law for a first-order reaction? | A)ln[A]t ---------- = - kt [A]0 |
42) What data should be plotted to show that experimental concentration data fits a first-order reaction? | C) ln[reactant] vs. time |
43) What data should be plotted to show that experimental concentration data fits a second-order reaction? | D) 1/[reactant] vs. time |
44) What data should be plotted to show that experimental concentration data fits a zeroth-order reaction? | E) [reactant] vs. time |
48) Which of the following statements is FALSE? | D) The half life of a first order reaction is dependent on the initial concentration of reactant. |
49) How many half-lives are required for the concentration of reactant to decrease to 25% of its original value? | E) 2 |
50) How many half-lives are required for the concentration of reactant to decrease to 12.5% of its original value? | A) 3 |
51) How many half-lives are required for the concentration of reactant to decrease to 1.56% of its original value? | A) 6 |
52) If the concentration of a reactant is 6.25%, how many half-lives has it gone through? | D) 4 |