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Chapter 3

population density the average number of people in a square mile or a square kilometer is very high.
birthrate the number of live births each year per 1,000 people.
immigrant a person who moves into a country
emigrant a person who leaves a country to live elswhere
urbanization the growth of a city populations,
rural of, or characteristics of, the countryside
culture hearth a place in which important ideas begin and there after spread surrounding cultures
cultural convergence the contact and interaction of one culture to another
diffusion the process by which a cultural element is transmitted from one group or individual group
cultural divergence the restriction of a culture from outside influences
sovereignty a nation's freedom from outside control.
unitary system a system of government in which one central government holds more of the political power.
federation a government structure in which some powers are given to the national government and others powers are served for more local governments
confederation a system of government in which individual political units keep their sovereignty
monarchy a system of authoritarian government headed by a monarch- a king, queen , shah, or sultan whose position is usually inherited,.
authorian descriptive of a system of government in which the leaders hold all the political power.
dictatorship a system of a government in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person
totalitarianism a system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society
democracy A system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determinate the government policy.
traditional economy an economic system in which family produced goods and services for their own use,with little surplus and exchange.
market economy an economic system in which decisions about production, price and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand.
command econmy an economic system that is controlled by a single central government.
natural recurces material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs.
renewable resource a natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as it is used
nonrenewable resource a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used
fossil fuel any of the several nonrenewable mineral resources formed from the remains of an ancient plants and animals and used for fuel.
nuclear energy a type of energy produced by fission- the splitting of uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor, releasing stored energy.
water power energy produced by falling water to move a machinery or generate energy
geothermal energy energy produced from the earth's intense interior heat.
solar energy energy produced by the sun.
primary economic activity an economic activity that takes or use natural resources directly, such as fishing or mining.
subsistence farming farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village.
commercial farming the raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets
secondary economic activity an economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value.
cottage industry a small-scale manufacturing operation using little technology, often located in or near people's homes
commercial industry a large-scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produces large quantities of goods.
tertiary economic activity an economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but purse activities that serve others service industry
Quaternary economic activity an economic activity that focuses on the acquisition, prosesing, and sharing
export an item that is sanded out of the country
import an item that is brought to a country
culture the beliefs and actions that define a group of people's way of life
Created by: Victor42
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