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Chapter 5 Vocab ES
Chapter 5 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Lava | Magma that flows out onto Earth's surface |
Igneous rock | Intrusive or extrusive rock formed from the cooling and crystallization of magma or lava |
Partial melting | Process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperature, changing its composition. |
Bowen's reaction series | Sequential, predictable, dual-branched pattern in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma. |
Fractional crystallyzation | Process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma |
Intrusive rock | Coarse-grained igneous rock that is found when molten rock cools slowly and solidifies inside Earth's surface. |
Extrusive rock | Fine-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earth's surface. |
Basaltic rock | Rock that is dark colored, has lower silica contents, and is rich in iron and magnesium; contains mostly plagioclase and pyroxene. |
Granitic rock | Light-colored rock that has high silica content, and contains quartz and potassium feldspar. |
Texture | The size, shape, and distribution of the crystals or grains that make up a rock. |
Porphyritic texture | Rock that characterized by large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same or different mineral. |
Vesicular texture | A spongy-looking rock; lava whose gas bubles do not escape. |
Pegmatite | vein deposits of extremely large-grained minerals that contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium. |
Kimberlite. | Rare, ultramafic rock that can contain diamonds and other minerals formed only under very high pressures. |