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Ch2 CHEM VOCAB

Ch2 CHEM

TermDefinition
polymers plastics
monomers small repeating unit from which a polymer molecule is made
polymer backbone carbon atoms linked together in a long chain in a polymer molecule
amu atomic mass unit
1 amu 1.6605 x 10^-24 g
isotopic abundances percentages of atoms of an isotope in a element sample
mass number combined total protons and neutrons
monatomic ion ion with single atom
polyatomic ion groups of atoms that carry a charge
anions negative charge
cation positive charge
chemical bonds attractive force between two atoms holding a molecule together
chemical formula symbolic description of a molecule
molecular formula number of atoms of each element in a molecule
empirical formula simplest whole number ratio of atoms each element
hydrates compounds with 1+ water molecules in crystal lattice
lattice regular, periodic arrangement of molecules in crystalline solid
ionic bonding one compound loses electron and another gains it, attraction between 2 make it come together
formula unit smallest whole number ratio of cations and anions in ionic compound
metallic bonding proton core surrounded by floating electrons
covalent bonds shared electrons
periodic law elements display a regular and periodic variation in chemical properties
periodicity regular patterns of behavior
periods horizontal rows
groups vertical columns
alkali metals group 1
alkali earth metals group 2
halogens group 17
noble gases group 18
transition metals groups 3-12
actinides elements 89-103
lanthanides elements57-71
metal malleable, ductile, conduct electricity, and tends to form cations
nonmetal not a metal
metalloids some properties of metals, some properties of nonmetals
organic chemistry anything involving carbon
inorganic chemistry everything but carbon
line structure visual representation of organic compounds
functional group atoms in characteristic of organic compounds
addition reaction 2+ smaller molecules form bigger molecule
hydrocarbons molecules with only carbon and hydrogen
oxyanions polyatomic anions with oxygen
HDPE high density polyethylene
LDPE low density polyethylene
UHMWPE ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
binary compound compound with two different elements
chemical nomenclature systematic assignment of names
free radicals extremely reactive, unpaired electron
isotopes atoms of same elements with different number of neutrons
Created by: brittanyallers
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